2023 年加拿大野火事件的气候驱动因素

IF 2.3 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Yihan Hu, Xu Yue, Chenguang Tian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

加拿大从 2023 年 5 月起爆发了特大野火,并持续了四个月。巨大的火灾排放物对当地和下风向地区的空气质量造成了严重影响。在此,作者探讨了导致此次野火事件的气象因素以及相关的大尺度环流。与 2001-2022 年的平均值相比,2023 年加拿大大火在 5-8 月间多释放了 0.37 千兆吨二氧化碳(527.1%)。这种增加与地表异常变暖密切相关,尤其是在 5-6 月份,日平均最高气温上升了 8.11°C,加拿大中部和东部的区域热点温度高达 10°C。与地表变暖相一致的是,在加拿大中部和西部的高纬度地区观测到了正的位势高度异常。罗斯比波的扩散导致高压系统长期占据主导地位,并通过异常下沉造成气候变暖。有利地形诱发的相位锁定波模式和泛北极地区的强烈变暖趋势预计将在未来共同加剧加拿大中部和西部发生极端野火的概率。摘要 2023 年 5 月加拿大发生极端野火事件并持续 4 个月时间。野火污染物排放对当地和下风向的空气质量造成了严重影响。本文对驱动此次野火事件的气象因子和相关大尺度环流进行了探究。研究表明,此次极端野火排放的二氧化碳相较往年同期增长了 0.37Gt (527.1%) .受罗斯贝波频散影响, 同期加拿大中西部区域出现持续的位势高度正异常, 促进气流下沉并引发局地高温, 中西部区域5-6月最高温平均上升8.11°C, 部分区域甚至超过10°C, 导致野火排放的显著增长。受有利地形和泛北极地区快速增暖的影响, 预期未来加拿大中西部发生极端野火的概率可能会显著上升。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Climatic drivers of the Canadian wildfire episode in 2023

Climatic drivers of the Canadian wildfire episode in 2023

Extreme wildfires broke out in Canada from May 2023 and persisted four months. Tremendous fire emissions posed significant impacts on the air quality in both local and downwind regions. Here, the authors explored the meteorological factors driving this wildfire episode and the associated large-scale circulation. Relative to the mean value of 2001–2022, the 2023 Canadian fires released 0.37 Gt more CO2 (527.1%) during May–August. Such enhancement was strongly associated with the anomalous surface warming, especially in May–June, when the daily maximum temperature on average increased by 8.11°C, with regional hotspots up to 10°C in central and eastern Canada. Consistent with the surface warming, positive anomalies of geopotential height were observed at high levels in central and western Canada. The dispersion of Rossby waves led to the long-lasting dominance of high-pressure systems and the consequent warming through anomalous subsidence. The phase-locked wave pattern induced by favorable topography and the strong warming tendency in the pan-Arctic regions are expected to jointly escalate the probability of extreme wildfires over central and western Canada in the future.

摘要

2023年5月加拿大发生极端野火事件并持续4个月时间. 野火污染物排放对当地和下风向的空气质量造成了严重影响. 本文对驱动此次野火事件的气象因子和相关大尺度环流进行了探究. 研究表明, 此次极端野火排放的二氧化碳相较往年同期增长了0.37Gt (527.1%) . 受罗斯贝波频散影响, 同期加拿大中西部区域出现持续的位势高度正异常, 促进气流下沉并引发局地高温, 中西部区域5–6月最高温平均上升8.11°C, 部分区域甚至超过10°C, 导致野火排放的显著增长. 受有利地形和泛北极地区快速增暖的影响, 预期未来加拿大中西部发生极端野火的概率可能会显著上升.

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来源期刊
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters
Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
8.70%
发文量
925
审稿时长
12 weeks
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