Desmielinización osmótica extrapontina: reporte de caso

This is the case of a 29-year-old female patient with a history of adrenal insufficiency who voluntarily discontinued medical treatment. She was admitted due to general and neurological symptoms with severe hyponatremia. She received rapid sodium replacement and subsequently developed clinical symptoms compatible with osmotic demyelination syndrome with extrapontine involvement, an uncommon compromise in clinical practice. Despite medical management, the patient presented an unfavorable evolution until death. The pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of this entity are explained and the importance of the recommendations regarding sodium replacement in cases of severe hyponatremia is highlighted.