In vitro and In vivo Characterization of Laurus nobilis Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Potential Treatment for Gastric Cancer Using SEM Images, PCR and Histopathology

In the current study, Laurus nobilis extract (ethanolic) was loaded into chitosan nanoparticles and studied for their potential anticancer activity against GC1436 cells using SEM images of LNECHNPs and CHNPs. In vitro studies showed that gastric cancer cells cultured with the nanoparticle system suppressed the proliferation and migration activity of cancer cells through suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The SEM images display that both LNECHNPs and CHNPs are round and possess a smooth surface. The smooth surface is a probable outcome of the manufacturing process used to create the nanoparticles, which can employ procedures like sol–gel or chemical reduction methods. Gene expression studies showed that the expression levels of PI3K and Akt genes were significantly reduced in GC1436 cells cultured with LNECHNPs Nephrotoxicity of the nanoparticles was studied in a rat model. In vivo study showed that the intravenous administration of the nanoparticle system did not impart significant nephrotoxicity in the animals 7 days post-injection. These results provide important insights into the safety of these nanocarrier systems, which could be beneficial in their potential application in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.