镍和铝纳米粒子的抗菌特性

R. Dovnar, S. M. Smotryn, S. S. Anufrik, S. N. Anuchin, I. S. Dovnar, N. N. Iaskevich
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摘要

由于病原菌对多种抗生素具有高度抗药性,因此需要寻找和开发与抗生素作用机制不同的新物质。作为替代品,可以考虑使用金属纳米粒子,特别是在制造金属纳米粒子的过程中采用环保的生产方法。镍和铝纳米粒子是通过液态激光烧蚀法合成的,属于 "绿色 "化学方法。使用分光光度计、原子力和透射电子显微镜分别研究了合成纳米粒子的光学、结构和形态特性。以两株革兰氏阳性菌和五株革兰氏阴性菌为例,分析了镍和铝纳米粒子的抗菌特性。研究表明,纳米镍粒子在光谱的中紫外区(285 纳米)和红光区(750 纳米)具有特征吸收最大值,而纳米铝粒子胶体溶液的光密度计光谱没有明显的最大值。原子力显微镜和透射电子显微镜显示,所研究金属的纳米颗粒主要呈球形,直径范围为(20-60 纳米)。同时,还观察到极少量的单个团块(大小≥100 nm)。细菌学研究表明,镍和铝纳米粒子对临床上最常见的革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性致病微生物菌株具有明显的抗菌特性。用激光烧蚀法在液体中合成的镍和铝纳米粒子的特点是形状相对均匀,大小分散度小,对临床上最常见的致病微生物菌株具有抗菌作用,这使它们成为一类独特的物质,可用于开发抗击抗生素耐药性的新方法,特别是在医学和外科领域。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Antibacterial properties of nickel and aluminum nanoparticles
The high level of polyantibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria dictates the need to search for and develop new classes of substances that have a different mechanism of action compared to antibiotics. As alternatives, metal nanoparticles can be considered, especially if an environmentally friendly method of production is used in the process of creating the latter. Nickel and aluminum nanoparticles were synthesized by the laser ablation method in liquid, which belongs to the “green” chemistry methods. The optical, structural, and morphological properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were studied using a spectrophotometer, atomic force and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The antibacterial properties of nickel and aluminum nanoparticles were analyzed on the example of two strains of Gram-positive, five strains of Gram-negative bacteria. The performed studies have shown that nickel nanoparticles have characteristic absorption maxima in the middle ultraviolet (285 nm) and red (750 nm) regions of the spectrum, the optical density spectrum of a colloidal solution of aluminum nanoparticles does not have pronounced maxima. Atomic force and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanoparticles of the studied metals are predominantly spherical in shape and their diameters correspond to the range (20–60 nm). At the same time, in an insignificant amount, individual conglomerates (≥100 nm in size) are observed. The performed bacteriological studies have revealed the presence of pronounced antimicrobial properties in nickel and aluminum nanoparticles in relation to the most common clinical pathogenic strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Nickel and aluminum nanoparticles synthesized by the laser ablation method in liquid are characterized by a relatively uniform shape, a small scatter in size, and have an antibacterial effect against the most common clinical pathogenic microbial strains, which makes them a unique class of substances in terms of developing new ways to combat antibiotic resistance in medicine, in general, and in surgery, in particular.
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