2023 年 4 月 23 日地磁风暴期间显著的中纬度气泡状电离层超级耗竭结构(BLISS)和风暴增强密度羽流的动态变化

IF 3.7 2区 地球科学
Space Weather Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI:10.1029/2023sw003704
Ercha Aa, Shun-Rong Zhang, Shasha Zou, Wenbin Wang, Zihan Wang, Xuguang Cai, Philip J. Erickson, Anthea J. Coster
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文研究了 2023 年 4 月 23 日强烈地磁暴期间美国/大西洋经度区域上空的中纬度电离层扰动。研究综合利用地基观测(全球导航卫星系统总电子含量和电离层探测仪)以及多个卫星任务(GOLD、Swarm、国防气象卫星计划和 TIMED/GUVI)的测量数据,分析风暴时的电动力学和中性动力学。我们发现,风暴主阶段的特点是中纬度电离层密度梯度结构明显,具体如下:(a) 在欧洲-大西洋经度扇区,日落后观测到一个显著的中纬度气泡状电离层超耗 结构(BLISS)。该电离层超耗竭结构以低密度通道的形式出现,向极地/西部延伸,达到地磁纬度 40°,相当于 APEX 高度 5,000 公里。(b) 与 BLISS 同时出现的还有一个动态风暴增强密度羽流,它在北美扇区的当地下午迅速形成并衰减,羽流强度在短短几个小时内翻了一番又减了一半。(c) 这些强烈而相反的中纬度梯度结构的同时出现,主要归因于快速穿透电场和副金牛座极化流电场这两个共同的关键驱动因素。这揭示了风暴时电动过程在形成全球电离层扰动方面的重要作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Significant Midlatitude Bubble-Like Ionospheric Super-Depletion Structure (BLISS) and Dynamic Variation of Storm-Enhanced Density Plume During the 23 April 2023 Geomagnetic Storm
This paper investigates the midlatitude ionospheric disturbances over the American/Atlantic longitude sector during an intense geomagnetic storm on 23 April 2023. The study utilized a combination of ground-based observations (Global Navigation Satellite System total electron content and ionosonde) along with measurements from multiple satellite missions (GOLD, Swarm, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, and TIMED/GUVI) to analyze storm-time electrodynamics and neutral dynamics. We found that the storm main phase was characterized by distinct midlatitude ionospheric density gradient structures as follows: (a) In the European-Atlantic longitude sector, a significant midlatitude bubble-like ionospheric super-depletion structure (BLISS) was observed after sunset. This BLISS appeared as a low-density channel extending poleward/westward and reached ∼40° geomagnetic latitude, corresponding to an APEX height of ∼5,000 km. (b) Coincident with the BLISS, a dynamic storm-enhanced density plume rapidly formed and decayed at local afternoon in the North American sector, with the plume intensity being doubled and halved in just a few hours. (c) The simultaneous occurrence of these strong yet opposite midlatitude gradient structures could be mainly attributed to common key drivers of prompt penetration electric fields and subauroral polarization stream electric fields. This shed light on the important role of storm-time electrodynamic processes in shaping global ionospheric disturbances.
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