Hao Yuan , Boyu Chen , Qian Sun , Chunhang Xie , Xiaolong He
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引用次数: 0
摘要
采用重归一化组 k - ε 模型对垂直缝隙鱼道坡度(坡度值从 1.5% 到 6%)对流场的影响进行了数值研究。系统地探讨了不同坡度下的速度分布、湍流动能(TKE)、单位体积平均能量耗散率(E)和涡度。结果表明,随着坡度的增加,向下流动的出现与垂直速度的增加共同形成了三维流动特征。坡度为 6.0% 时,Hs 的再循环区域比坡度为 1.5% 时减少了 20.9%。同时,垂直槽区的流速随着坡度的增加而增加,这将限制爆发速度低于垂直槽区流速的鱼类通过。在坡度较大时,TKE 和 E 可能会局部超过临界值。此外,涡度分布随坡度增加而变化不大,但可能会干扰鱼类在垂直槽区的平衡。此外,水位的变化对流场的影响很小,而流场会随着坡度的增加而改变。这些发现有助于垂直缝隙鱼道的设计,特别是在鱼类通过效率方面。
Deciphering the effect of variation in slope on flow characteristics in a vertical slot fishway
The effects of a vertical slot fishway slope (with slope values from 1.5% to 6%) on a flow field are numerically investigated, using a re-normalization group k – ε model. The distribution of the velocity, turbulence kinetic energy (TKE), average energy dissipation rate per unit volume (E), and vorticity for different slopes are systemically explored. The results indicate that, with an increase in slope, the appearance of downward flow in conjunction with an increase in vertical velocity results in three-dimensional flow characteristics. The recirculation region in Hs, at a 6.0% slope, was 20.9% less than that at a 1.5% slope. Meanwhile, the flow velocity in the vertical slot region grew with increasing slope, which would limit the passage of fish with burst speed lower than the velocity in the vertical slot region. The TKE and E may locally exceed the threshold at larger slopes. Furthermore, vorticity distribution shows little variability with increasing slope, but may interfere with the equilibrium of the fish in the vertical slot region. In addition, the change in water level has little effect on the flow field, which is changed by the increase in slope. These findings can aid vertical slot fishway designs especially in terms of the efficiency of fish passage.
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