{"title":"沉积尘埃的特征描述和净化：博物馆的管理制度","authors":"A. A. Abdel Hameed, S. El-Gendy, Y. Saeed","doi":"10.1007/s10453-024-09813-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deposited dust represents a nutritional niche for microflora. Inhibiting microflora-associated deposited dust is a critical approach to manage cultural heritage buildings. Knowledge on the effectiveness of commercial disinfection on microflora in a real field environment is limited. The present study aims to: (1) characterize deposited dust composition, and (2) assess the effectiveness of several commercial biocides/and an air ionizer on microflora-associated floor surface and air before and after treatment. Deposited dust was collected using a dust collector and microbial air sampling was conducted via a volumetric impactor sampler. Susceptibility of microorganisms to biocide/ionizer was performed in a naturally ventilated unoccupied room with a floor area of 18 m<sup>2</sup>. One-treatment protocol, a daily disinfection mode, was applied to each biocide/ionizer. The surface floor was adjacently sprayed by a biocide, and the ionizer was turned on for 30 min. Indoor deposited dust rates varied between 0.75 and 8.7 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day with indoor/outdoor ratio of ~ 1:100. Ion concentrations of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> were higher indoor than outdoor. The concentration of microorganisms-associated deposited dust averaged 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/g; 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/g and 10<sup>4</sup> CFU/g for bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, respectively. A total of 23 fungal taxa were identified, with <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>, <i>Asp. fumigatus</i> and <i>Asp. niger</i> were the predominant taxa. Biocides quickly reduced floor surface and airborne microbial loads. The biocidal effect was time limited, as microflora loads increased again after ~ 4 days of the treatment protocol. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) out-performed other biocides, showed a relatively permanent microbial inhibiting effect. The air ionizer reduced airborne microorganisms and increased surface floor ones. Characterizing of deposited dust (rate and composition) and choice an appropriate biocide may effectively reduce biodeterioration. Further real field treatment trials under various microenvironmental conditions are needed to determine the effectiveness of disinfection treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7718,"journal":{"name":"Aerobiologia","volume":"40 2","pages":"217 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10453-024-09813-1.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Characterization and decontamination of deposited dust: a management regime at a museum\",\"authors\":\"A. A. Abdel Hameed, S. El-Gendy, Y. Saeed\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10453-024-09813-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Deposited dust represents a nutritional niche for microflora. Inhibiting microflora-associated deposited dust is a critical approach to manage cultural heritage buildings. Knowledge on the effectiveness of commercial disinfection on microflora in a real field environment is limited. The present study aims to: (1) characterize deposited dust composition, and (2) assess the effectiveness of several commercial biocides/and an air ionizer on microflora-associated floor surface and air before and after treatment. Deposited dust was collected using a dust collector and microbial air sampling was conducted via a volumetric impactor sampler. Susceptibility of microorganisms to biocide/ionizer was performed in a naturally ventilated unoccupied room with a floor area of 18 m<sup>2</sup>. One-treatment protocol, a daily disinfection mode, was applied to each biocide/ionizer. The surface floor was adjacently sprayed by a biocide, and the ionizer was turned on for 30 min. Indoor deposited dust rates varied between 0.75 and 8.7 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/day with indoor/outdoor ratio of ~ 1:100. Ion concentrations of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>−</sup>, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> were higher indoor than outdoor. The concentration of microorganisms-associated deposited dust averaged 10<sup>6</sup> CFU/g; 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/g and 10<sup>4</sup> CFU/g for bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, respectively. A total of 23 fungal taxa were identified, with <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>, <i>Asp. fumigatus</i> and <i>Asp. niger</i> were the predominant taxa. Biocides quickly reduced floor surface and airborne microbial loads. The biocidal effect was time limited, as microflora loads increased again after ~ 4 days of the treatment protocol. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) out-performed other biocides, showed a relatively permanent microbial inhibiting effect. The air ionizer reduced airborne microorganisms and increased surface floor ones. Characterizing of deposited dust (rate and composition) and choice an appropriate biocide may effectively reduce biodeterioration. 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Characterization and decontamination of deposited dust: a management regime at a museum
Deposited dust represents a nutritional niche for microflora. Inhibiting microflora-associated deposited dust is a critical approach to manage cultural heritage buildings. Knowledge on the effectiveness of commercial disinfection on microflora in a real field environment is limited. The present study aims to: (1) characterize deposited dust composition, and (2) assess the effectiveness of several commercial biocides/and an air ionizer on microflora-associated floor surface and air before and after treatment. Deposited dust was collected using a dust collector and microbial air sampling was conducted via a volumetric impactor sampler. Susceptibility of microorganisms to biocide/ionizer was performed in a naturally ventilated unoccupied room with a floor area of 18 m2. One-treatment protocol, a daily disinfection mode, was applied to each biocide/ionizer. The surface floor was adjacently sprayed by a biocide, and the ionizer was turned on for 30 min. Indoor deposited dust rates varied between 0.75 and 8.7 mg/m2/day with indoor/outdoor ratio of ~ 1:100. Ion concentrations of NH4+, Cl−, SO42− and NO3− were higher indoor than outdoor. The concentration of microorganisms-associated deposited dust averaged 106 CFU/g; 105 CFU/g and 104 CFU/g for bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, respectively. A total of 23 fungal taxa were identified, with Aspergillus flavus, Asp. fumigatus and Asp. niger were the predominant taxa. Biocides quickly reduced floor surface and airborne microbial loads. The biocidal effect was time limited, as microflora loads increased again after ~ 4 days of the treatment protocol. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) out-performed other biocides, showed a relatively permanent microbial inhibiting effect. The air ionizer reduced airborne microorganisms and increased surface floor ones. Characterizing of deposited dust (rate and composition) and choice an appropriate biocide may effectively reduce biodeterioration. Further real field treatment trials under various microenvironmental conditions are needed to determine the effectiveness of disinfection treatment.
期刊介绍：
Associated with the International Association for Aerobiology, Aerobiologia is an international medium for original research and review articles in the interdisciplinary fields of aerobiology and interaction of human, plant and animal systems on the biosphere. Coverage includes bioaerosols, transport mechanisms, biometeorology, climatology, air-sea interaction, land-surface/atmosphere interaction, biological pollution, biological input to global change, microbiology, aeromycology, aeropalynology, arthropod dispersal and environmental policy. Emphasis is placed on respiratory allergology, plant pathology, pest management, biological weathering and biodeterioration, indoor air quality, air-conditioning technology, industrial aerobiology and more.
Aerobiologia serves aerobiologists, and other professionals in medicine, public health, industrial and environmental hygiene, biological sciences, agriculture, atmospheric physics, botany, environmental science and cultural heritage.
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