A. Sarno;R. M. Tucciariello;M. E. Fantacci;A. C. Traino;C. Valero;M. Stasi
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引用次数: 0
摘要
在测试 X 射线乳腺成像设备时,利用患者数字模型和模拟设备进行的模拟临床试验是一种替代昂贵而漫长的患者群体临床试验的方法。在这项工作中,我们模拟了作为 X 射线吸收器的线性响应 a-Se 探测器,忽略了一些物理过程,如电孔跟踪和热噪声。为了将模拟图像的特性调整为临床扫描仪的特性,我们在临床乳腺 X 射线照相设备上测量了探测器响应曲线、调制传递函数(MTF)和归一化噪声功率谱(NNPS)。为了定义一个合适的模型来修改模拟图像,并获得真实的像素值、噪声和空间分辨率,我们通过定制的蒙特卡洛代码在实验室中复制了相同的测试。所提出的方法使模拟图像中 NNPS 的斜率和幅度恢复到临床扫描仪上评估的曲线。同样,所提出的在模拟图像中调整噪声和空间分辨率的策略使在定制模型上评估的对比度-噪声比(CNR)与测量图像中的对比度-噪声比绝对值相差不到 16%。
A Model for a Linear a-Se Detector in Simulated X-Ray Breast Imaging With Monte Carlo Software
In-silico clinical trials with digital patient models and simulated devices are an alternative to expensive and long clinical trials on patient population for testing X-ray breast imaging apparatuses. In this work, we simulated a linear-response a-Se detector as an X-ray absorber, neglecting some physical processes, such as electro-hole tracking and thermal noise. In order to tune characteristics of the simulated images toward those of the clinical scanners, the detector response curve, modulation transfer function (MTF), and normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) were measured on a clinical mammographic unit. The same tests were replicated in-silico via a custom-made Monte Carlo code in order to define a suitable model to modify simulated images and to have realistic pixel values, noise, and spatial resolution. The proposed approach resulted to restore the slope and the magnitude of the NNPS in simulated images toward curves evaluated on a clinical scanner. Similarly, the proposed strategy for tuning noise and spatial resolution in simulated images led to a contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) evaluated on a custom-made phantom which differed from those in measured images less than 16% in absolute value.