{"title":"美德与使命:从历史角度看二十一世纪的科学诚信","authors":"Bert Theunissen","doi":"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100915","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>According to the Dutch chemist Gerrit Jan Mulder (1802–1880), the principal aim of university education was character building and moral edification. Professional training was of secondary importance. Mulder’s ideas about the vocation and moral mission of the university professor can serve as a historical counterpart to later Weberian, Mertonian, and contemporary ideas on the ethos of science. I argue that a revaluation of the moral precepts that Mulder saw as defining the life of an academic is helpful in dealing with the problems of late modern science, such as the replication crisis and research misconduct. Addressing such problems must start in the university classrooms. To empower students to internalize the principles of responsible conduct of research, we need an updated version of Mulder’s idea of the university professor as a moral agent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51032,"journal":{"name":"Endeavour","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932724000048/pdfft?md5=1295794261ff23da5de8ef44b4bf0672&pid=1-s2.0-S0160932724000048-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Virtues and vocation: An historical perspective on scientific integrity in the twenty-first century\",\"authors\":\"Bert Theunissen\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.endeavour.2024.100915\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>According to the Dutch chemist Gerrit Jan Mulder (1802–1880), the principal aim of university education was character building and moral edification. Professional training was of secondary importance. Mulder’s ideas about the vocation and moral mission of the university professor can serve as a historical counterpart to later Weberian, Mertonian, and contemporary ideas on the ethos of science. I argue that a revaluation of the moral precepts that Mulder saw as defining the life of an academic is helpful in dealing with the problems of late modern science, such as the replication crisis and research misconduct. Addressing such problems must start in the university classrooms. To empower students to internalize the principles of responsible conduct of research, we need an updated version of Mulder’s idea of the university professor as a moral agent.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":51032,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Endeavour\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-03-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932724000048/pdfft?md5=1295794261ff23da5de8ef44b4bf0672&pid=1-s2.0-S0160932724000048-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Endeavour\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"98\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932724000048\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"哲学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Endeavour","FirstCategoryId":"98","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160932724000048","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
荷兰化学家 Gerrit Jan Mulder(1802-1880 年)认为,大学教育的主要目的是塑造人格和道德教育。专业培训是次要的。穆尔德关于大学教授的天职和道德使命的观点,可以作为后来韦伯、默顿以及当代关于科学精神的观点的历史对应物。我认为,重新评价穆德所认为的界定学术生活的道德戒律,有助于解决晚期现代科学的问题,如复制危机和研究不端行为。解决这些问题必须从大学课堂开始。为了让学生能够将负责任的研究行为原则内化于心,我们需要更新穆德关于大学教授作为道德代理人的理念。
Virtues and vocation: An historical perspective on scientific integrity in the twenty-first century
According to the Dutch chemist Gerrit Jan Mulder (1802–1880), the principal aim of university education was character building and moral edification. Professional training was of secondary importance. Mulder’s ideas about the vocation and moral mission of the university professor can serve as a historical counterpart to later Weberian, Mertonian, and contemporary ideas on the ethos of science. I argue that a revaluation of the moral precepts that Mulder saw as defining the life of an academic is helpful in dealing with the problems of late modern science, such as the replication crisis and research misconduct. Addressing such problems must start in the university classrooms. To empower students to internalize the principles of responsible conduct of research, we need an updated version of Mulder’s idea of the university professor as a moral agent.
期刊介绍:
Endeavour, established in 1942, has, over its long and proud history, developed into one of the leading journals in the history and philosophy of science. Endeavour publishes high-quality articles on a wide array of scientific topics from ancient to modern, across all disciplines. It serves as a critical forum for the interdisciplinary exploration and evaluation of natural knowledge and its development throughout history. Each issue contains lavish color and black-and-white illustrations. This makes Endeavour an ideal destination for history and philosophy of science articles with a strong visual component.
Endeavour presents the history and philosophy of science in a clear and accessible manner, ensuring the journal is a valuable tool for historians, philosophers, practicing scientists, and general readers. To enable it to have the broadest coverage possible, Endeavour features four types of articles:
-Research articles are concise, fully referenced, and beautifully illustrated with high quality reproductions of the most important source material.
-In Vivo articles will illustrate the rich and numerous connections between historical and philosophical scholarship and matters of current public interest, and provide rich, readable explanations of important current events from historical and philosophical perspectives.
-Book Reviews and Commentaries provide a picture of the rapidly growing history of science discipline. Written by both established and emerging scholars, our reviews provide a vibrant overview of the latest publications and media in the history and philosophy of science.
-Lost and Found Pieces are playful and creative short essays which focus on objects, theories, tools, and methods that have been significant to science but underappreciated by collective memory.