精神变态者的冷酷无情与疼痛处理中的透视法:一项ERP研究。

Victoria Branchadell, Rosario Poy, Pablo Ribes-Guardiola, Pilar Segarra, Javier Moltó
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引用次数: 0

摘要

精神病态是一种多方面的人格障碍,其特点是具有明显的情感/人际特征,包括冷酷无情/不近人情,这通常被认为是移情缺陷的标志。有人认为,对他人痛苦的处理可能在移情能力中扮演重要角色。本研究旨在调查透视法在疼痛处理过程中对皮层电反应的影响,这与精神变态者的冷酷无情有关。在 100 名女大学生观看描绘身体伤害的图像时,采用想象自我或想象他人的视角,测量了晚期正电位(LPP)--这是一种公认的电生理学指标,表示对具有激励意义的刺激的持续关注。胼胝体因子得分--根据对该维度的三个相关自我报告测量的 EFA 进行回归计算得出--预测了在想象-他人(而非想象-自己)视角下对疼痛图片的 LPP 振幅降低,即使在控制了其他 LPP 条件之后也是如此。这一结果表明,高胼胝体个体的大脑对他人痛苦的反应能力减弱,这可能是导致精神变态症患者移情缺陷的原因之一。这一发现凸显了LPP和透视法在疼痛处理研究中的作用,有助于我们从生物行为学的角度进一步了解精神变态者的低移情特征。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychopathic callousness and perspective taking in pain processing: an ERP study.

Psychopathy is a multifaceted personality disorder characterized by distinct affective/interpersonal traits, including callousness-unemotionality/meanness, which are often considered the hallmarks of empathic deficits. It has been posited that the processing of others' pain could play an important role in empathy capabilities. This study aimed to investigate the influence of perspective taking on electrocortical responses during pain processing in relation to psychopathic callousness. The late positive potential (LPP) -a well-established electrophysiological indicator of sustained attention to motivationally significant stimuli- was measured while 100 female undergraduates viewed images depicting bodily injuries while adopting an imagine-self or an imagine-other perspective. Callousness factor scores -computed as regression-based component scores from EFA on three relevant self-report measures of this dimension- predicted reduced LPP amplitudes to pain pictures under the imagine-other (but not imagine-self) perspective, even after controlling for other LPP conditions. This result suggests that high-callous individuals exhibit diminished brain responsiveness to others' distress, potentially contributing to the empathic deficits observed in psychopathy. This finding highlights the usefulness of the LPP and perspective taking in studies on pain processing to refine our understanding of the low empathy characteristics of psychopathy in biobehavioral terms.

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