Johnson C Agbasi, Arinze Longinus Ezugwu, Michael Ekuru Omeka, Ifeanyi Adolphus Ucheana, Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu, Hillary Onyeka Abugu, Johnbosco C Egbueri
{"title":"盈利更重要还是提供安全饮用水更重要?尼日利亚袋装水污染现状综述。","authors":"Johnson C Agbasi, Arinze Longinus Ezugwu, Michael Ekuru Omeka, Ifeanyi Adolphus Ucheana, Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu, Hillary Onyeka Abugu, Johnbosco C Egbueri","doi":"10.1080/26896583.2024.2319009","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public health concerns on surface and groundwater contamination worldwide have increased. Sachet water contamination has also raised serious concerns across many developing countries. While previous studies attempted to address this issue, this review takes a different approach by utilizing a comprehensive analysis of physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and microbial loads tested in sachet water across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones, within the period of 2020-2023. In this review study, over 50 articles were carefully analyzed. Collected data unveiled regional variations in the quality of sachet water across Nigeria. Noteworthy concerns revolve around levels of pH, total hardness, magnesium, calcium, nickel, iron, lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium. Fecal contamination was also identified as a significant issue, with the prevalence of several pathogens like <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella typhi</i>, <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>. The manufacturing, delivery, storage, and final sale of sachet water, as well as poor environmental hygiene, were identified as potential contamination sources. The intake of contaminated sachet water exposes the citizens to waterborne and carcinogenic diseases. While the sachet water industry keeps growing and making profits, it is apparent that improvement calls made by previous studies, regarding the quality of water produced, have not been paid serious attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":53200,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","volume":" ","pages":"255-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"More about making profits or providing safe drinking water? A state-of-the-art review on sachet water contamination in Nigeria.\",\"authors\":\"Johnson C Agbasi, Arinze Longinus Ezugwu, Michael Ekuru Omeka, Ifeanyi Adolphus Ucheana, Chiedozie Chukwuemeka Aralu, Hillary Onyeka Abugu, Johnbosco C Egbueri\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/26896583.2024.2319009\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Public health concerns on surface and groundwater contamination worldwide have increased. Sachet water contamination has also raised serious concerns across many developing countries. While previous studies attempted to address this issue, this review takes a different approach by utilizing a comprehensive analysis of physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and microbial loads tested in sachet water across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones, within the period of 2020-2023. In this review study, over 50 articles were carefully analyzed. Collected data unveiled regional variations in the quality of sachet water across Nigeria. Noteworthy concerns revolve around levels of pH, total hardness, magnesium, calcium, nickel, iron, lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium. Fecal contamination was also identified as a significant issue, with the prevalence of several pathogens like <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Salmonella typhi</i>, <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>. The manufacturing, delivery, storage, and final sale of sachet water, as well as poor environmental hygiene, were identified as potential contamination sources. The intake of contaminated sachet water exposes the citizens to waterborne and carcinogenic diseases. While the sachet water industry keeps growing and making profits, it is apparent that improvement calls made by previous studies, regarding the quality of water produced, have not been paid serious attention.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":53200,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"255-297\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2024.2319009\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/3/4 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part C-Toxicology and Carcinogenesis","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/26896583.2024.2319009","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/3/4 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
More about making profits or providing safe drinking water? A state-of-the-art review on sachet water contamination in Nigeria.
Public health concerns on surface and groundwater contamination worldwide have increased. Sachet water contamination has also raised serious concerns across many developing countries. While previous studies attempted to address this issue, this review takes a different approach by utilizing a comprehensive analysis of physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and microbial loads tested in sachet water across Nigeria's six geopolitical zones, within the period of 2020-2023. In this review study, over 50 articles were carefully analyzed. Collected data unveiled regional variations in the quality of sachet water across Nigeria. Noteworthy concerns revolve around levels of pH, total hardness, magnesium, calcium, nickel, iron, lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium. Fecal contamination was also identified as a significant issue, with the prevalence of several pathogens like Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. The manufacturing, delivery, storage, and final sale of sachet water, as well as poor environmental hygiene, were identified as potential contamination sources. The intake of contaminated sachet water exposes the citizens to waterborne and carcinogenic diseases. While the sachet water industry keeps growing and making profits, it is apparent that improvement calls made by previous studies, regarding the quality of water produced, have not been paid serious attention.