健康与疾病中的小胶质细胞:中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的综合枢纽

IF 6.9 2区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Amanda Sierra, Veronique E. Miron, Rosa C. Paolicelli, Richard M. Ransohoff
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引用次数: 0

摘要

小胶质细胞通常被称为 "大脑的先天性免疫细胞"、"中枢神经系统(CNS)的常驻巨噬细胞 "或 "中枢神经系统实质巨噬细胞"。这些标签暗示了它们固有的免疫功能,与其巨噬细胞的血统有关。然而,除了典型的先天性免疫反应外,小胶质细胞还对大脑的正常发育和维持成人大脑的平衡起着至关重要的生理作用。小胶质细胞通过各种表面受体感知外部和局部刺激。因此,它们可能是外部环境与中枢神经系统界面的整合枢纽,能够解码、过滤和缓冲来自外部的线索,从而保护和维持大脑的平衡。在这一视角中,我们将对这些小胶质细胞的多重功能是如何获得和协调的进行批判性审视,并推测它们对人类大脑生理和病理的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Microglia in Health and Diseases: Integrative Hubs of the Central Nervous System (CNS)
Microglia are usually referred to as “the innate immune cells of the brain,” “the resident macrophages of the central nervous system” (CNS), or “CNS parenchymal macrophages.” These labels allude to their inherent immune function, related to their macrophage lineage. However, beyond their classic innate immune responses, microglia also play physiological roles crucial for proper brain development and maintenance of adult brain homeostasis. Microglia sense both external and local stimuli through a variety of surface receptors. Thus, they might serve as integrative hubs at the interface between the external environment and the CNS, able to decode, filter, and buffer cues from outside, with the aim of preserving and maintaining brain homeostasis. In this perspective, we will cast a critical look at how these multiple microglial functions are acquired and coordinated, and we will speculate on their impact on human brain physiology and pathology.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
15.00
自引率
1.40%
发文量
56
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology offers a comprehensive platform in the molecular life sciences, featuring reviews that span molecular, cell, and developmental biology, genetics, neuroscience, immunology, cancer biology, and molecular pathology. This online publication provides in-depth insights into various topics, making it a valuable resource for those engaged in diverse aspects of biological research.
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