印度植物和气候的地质历史

IF 11.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI:10.1146/annurev-earth-040722-102442

Prasanta Sanyal, Sourav Priyam Adhya, Ritwick Mandal, Biswajit Roy, Bibhasvata Dasgupta, Santrupta Samantaray, Rahul Sen, Vijayananda Sarangi, Anurag Kumar, Deepak K. Jha, Ajay Ajay

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引用次数: 0

摘要

印度多样的植被和地貌为了解植被对气候变化的反应提供了机会。通过研究花粉和化石记录以及有机物和叶蜡的碳同位素，本综述揭示了印度丰富的植被历史。值得注意的是，在中新世晚期（8 至 6 千兆年），低地植物从 C3 过渡到 C4 是一次关键的生态转变，在第四纪晚期（100 千兆年至今）其丰度出现波动。在印度，气候变异、基质条件变化和生境干扰的综合反馈推动了全球 C4 植物的扩张。喜马拉雅地区经历了深刻的变化，包括树线迁移、开花和结果时间的变化、物种减少，以及季风和西风变化导致的植物群落转移。以红树林为特征的沿海地区受到气候变化导致的海平面变化的动态影响。在干旱的沙漠地区，夏季降雨和西风降雨之间的相互作用塑造了植被的构成。这篇综述探讨了自 14 Ma 以来的植被和气候历史，并强调需要更多来自当代植物的同位素数据、精确的沉积物年代测定，以及更好地了解火灾在塑造植被方面的作用。本综述强调了印度的各种植被和地貌，认为它们是了解过去 14 个万年期间植被与气候之间联系的宝贵资料来源。印度在 8 至 6 Ma 期间发生了重大的生态转变，其标志是低地地区的植物从 C3 向 C4 过渡。本综述强调了更多同位素数据、精确的沉积物年代测定以及更好地了解火灾在植被形成过程中的作用的重要性。《地球与行星科学年度综述》第 52 卷的最终在线出版日期预计为 2024 年 5 月。修订后的预计日期请参见 http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates。

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The Geologic History of Plants and Climate in India

India's diverse vegetation and landscapes provide an opportunity to understand the responses of vegetation to climate change. By examining pollen and fossil records along with carbon isotopes of organic matter and leaf wax, this review uncovers the rich vegetational history of India. Notably, during the late Miocene (8 to 6 Ma), the transition from C3 to C4 plants in lowland regions was a pivotal ecological shift, with fluctuations in their abundance during the late Quaternary (100 ka to the present). In India, the global phenomenon of C4 expansion was driven by the combined feedback of climate variations, changes in substrate conditions, and habitat disturbances. The Himalayan region has experienced profound transformations, including tree-line migrations, shifts in flowering and fruiting times, species loss, and shifts in plant communities due to changing monsoons and westerlies. Coastal areas, characterized by mangroves, have been dynamically influenced by changing sea extents driven by climate changes. In arid desert regions, the interplay between summer and westerlies rainfall has shaped vegetation composition. This review explores vegetation and climate history since 14 Ma and emphasizes the need for more isotope data from contemporary plants, precise sediment dating, and a better understanding of fire's role in shaping vegetation. ▪ This review highlights diverse vegetation and landscapes of India as a valuable source for understanding the vegetation-climate link during the last 14 Ma . ▪ A significant ecological shift occurred during 8 to 6 Ma in India, marked by the transition from C3 to C4 plants in the lowland regions. ▪ This review emphasizes the importance of more isotope data, precise sediment dating, and a better understanding of fire's role in shaping vegetation.Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 52 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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来源期刊

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 地学天文-地球科学综合

CiteScore

25.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Since its establishment in 1973, the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences has been dedicated to providing comprehensive coverage of advancements in the field. This esteemed publication examines various aspects of earth and planetary sciences, encompassing climate, environment, geological hazards, planet formation, and the evolution of life. To ensure wider accessibility, the latest volume of the journal has transitioned from a gated model to open access through the Subscribe to Open program by Annual Reviews. Consequently, all articles published in this volume are now available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.