印度西部古吉拉特邦矿工高频听力损失的发生率和预测因素:关于实施全面听力保护计划必要性的横断面研究。

IF 2.6 3区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Nitishkumar D Tank, Mihir P Rupani, Immad A Shah, Sarang V Dhatrak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:高频听力损失(HFHL)是全球普遍存在的职业病,其相关风险因素众多,其中一些是可以改变的。在全面听力保护计划的背景下,最初的步骤包括对存在这些可改变风险因素的工人进行早期筛查和识别,以降低听力损失的患病率。我们的目标是估算煤矿工人中高频听力损失的患病率,并确定其预测因素:我们于 2020 年 11 月对印度西部古吉拉特邦 10 个露天矿的 226 名矿工进行了横断面研究。我们收集了有关社会人口学、成瘾、职业史、合并症以及人体测量、血压和血糖测量的数据。使用便携式诊断听力计进行听力评估,以评估高频听力损失,高频听力损失是指高频(3000、4000、6000 和 8000 Hz)听力阈值超过 25 分贝(dB)。在对混杂变量进行调整后,采用二项式族的广义线性模型(GLM)确定可显著预测 HFHL 的预测因子:结果:在我们的研究环境中,HFHL 的患病率为 35%(95% CI:29-42%)。办公室工作人员的患病率为 19%,而其他工种的患病率较高,为 42%,两者患病率相差 23%,患病率比为 2.2。GLM分析显示,工作期间的噪声暴露[调整患病率比(aPR)2.3(95% CI:1.2-4.7,p = 0.018)]和噪声暴露持续时间[aPR 1.1(95% CI:1.0-1.1,p = 0.042)]等变量是HFHL的重要预测因素:结论:在我们的研究环境中,矿工的 HFHL 患病率很高,工作场所噪音暴露和持续时间是可预测的因素。由于 HFHL 发展缓慢,一般不会被个人察觉,因此我们建议使用听力测定法对矿工进行定期检测,以识别 HFHL,并在可能的情况下将他们从采矿活动转移到办公室。此外,我们主张尽可能实施全面的听力保护计划。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Prevalence and predictors of high-frequency hearing loss among mine workers in Gujarat, western India: a cross-sectional study on the need to implement a comprehensive hearing conservation program.

Prevalence and predictors of high-frequency hearing loss among mine workers in Gujarat, western India: a cross-sectional study on the need to implement a comprehensive hearing conservation program.

Background: High-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) stands as a prevalent occupational morbidity globally, with numerous associated risk factors, some of which are modifiable. In the context of a comprehensive hearing conservation program, the initial steps involve early screening and identification of workers with these modifiable risk factors, aiming to reduce the prevalence of hearing loss. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of HFHL and determine its predictors among mine workers.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 226 mine workers in ten open-cast mines in Gujarat state, the western part of India, in November 2020. We collected data on socio-demography, addiction, occupation history and comorbidities, along with anthropometric, blood pressure, and blood sugar measurements. Audiometric evaluations using a portable diagnostic audiometer were employed to assess HFHL, defined as a hearing threshold exceeding 25 decibels (dB) at high frequencies (3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz). A generalized linear model (GLM) with a binomial family was performed to determine the predictors significantly predicting HFHL after adjusting for confounding variables.

Results: The prevalence of HFHL was 35% (95% CI: 29-42%) in our study setting. Office workers demonstrated a prevalence of 19%, whereas other job categories displayed a higher prevalence of 42%, resulting in a significant prevalence difference of 23% and a prevalence ratio of 2.2. The GLM analysis revealed that variables, such as noise exposure during work [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) 2.3 (95% CI: 1.2-4.7, p = 0.018)] and noise exposure duration [aPR 1.1 (95% CI: 1.0-1.1, p = 0.042)], were significant predictors of HFHL.

Conclusions: In our study setting, mine workers exhibited a high prevalence of HFHL, with exposure to workplace noise and duration being modifiable predictors. Because HFHL advances slowly and is generally undetected by the individual, we recommend periodic testing using audiometry to identify it among mine workers and, if possible, shifting them from mining activities to office. Furthermore, we advocate for the implementation of a comprehensive hearing conservation program to the extent possible.

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来源期刊
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
6.70%
发文量
127
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health publishes Editorials, Review Articles, Original Articles, and Letters to the Editor. It welcomes any manuscripts dealing with occupational or ambient environmental problems, with a special interest in research at the interface of occupational health and clinical medicine. The scope ranges from Biological Monitoring to Dermatology, from Fibers and Dust to Human Toxicology, from Nanomaterials and Ultra-fine Dust to Night- and Shift Work, from Psycho-mental Distress and Burnout to Vibrations. A complete list of topics can be found on the right-hand side under For authors and editors. In addition, all papers should be based on present-day standards and relate to: -Clinical and epidemiological studies on morbidity and mortality -Clinical epidemiological studies on the parameters relevant to the estimation of health risks -Human experimental studies on environmental health effects. Animal experiments are only acceptable if relevant to pathogenic aspects. -Methods for studying the topics mentioned above.
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