H Marahrens, K von Dörnberg, V Molnár, K M Gregor, E Leitzen, A von Altrock, A Polifka, M Ganter, M G Wagener
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引用次数: 0
摘要
铜(Cu)是哺乳动物新陈代谢中不可或缺的微量元素,在各种新陈代谢过程中发挥着核心作用。然而,过量摄入会导致严重症状,甚至死亡。慢性铜中毒仍然是放牧和家养动物的一个问题,绵羊尤其敏感。有关铜对南美洲骆驼(SACs)影响的比较研究很少。因此,本研究将文献研究的结果与一例病例报告相结合,该病例是德国北部动物园的一只 3 岁雌性骆驼(Vicugna vicugna)。该动物表现出进食减少、坐立不安、磨牙、粘膜和巩膜瘀血。听诊发现第三腔和消化道萎缩。与文献中描述的病例类似,该动物的病情迅速恶化,出现肝衰竭的不明症状,并迅速死亡。不过,与绵羊的描述不同,临床黄疸以前从未在其他 SAC 病例中出现过。从乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)和血清样本中提取的实验室结果显示,中性粒细胞增多且左移,低蛋白血症,淋巴细胞减少,氮质血症,血清中肌酸激酶(CK)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GLDH)水平升高。此外,还观察到高胆红素血症以及血清和肝脏 Cu 含量明显升高。随后从同一圈舍中的其余骆马和羊驼身上采集的血液样本未显示明显异常。据作者所知,本病例报告是第一例专门记录在案的骆马铜中毒病例。
Copper Intoxication in South American Camelids-Review of the Literature and First Report of a Case in a Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna).
Copper (Cu), an essential trace element in the metabolism of mammals, plays a central role in various metabolic processes. However, overdosing can lead to severe symptoms and even fatalities. Chronic Cu intoxication continues to be a problem in grazing and domestic animals, with sheep being particularly sensitive. There are few comparative studies on its impact on South American camelids (SACs). Therefore, this work presents the results of literature research combined with a case report on a 3-year-old female vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) presented to the clinic from a zoological garden in northern Germany. The animal showed reduced food intake, recumbency, bruxism, icteric mucous membranes and sclera. Auscultation revealed atony of the third compartment and the digestive tract. Similar to cases described in the literature, the animal showed rapid deterioration of its condition with unspecific symptoms of liver failure and rapid death. However, in contrast to descriptions in sheep, clinical icterus has not been previously reported in cases of other SACs. Laboratory findings from EDTA and serum samples revealed neutrophilia with a left shift, hypoproteinaemia, lymphopaenia, azotaemia, elevated levels of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) in the serum. Hyperbilirubinaemia and significantly elevated serum and liver Cu levels were observed. Subsequent blood samples from the remaining vicuñas and alpacas in the same enclosure showed no remarkable abnormalities. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this case report represents the first documented case of Cu intoxication specifically in vicuñas.
期刊介绍:
Biological Trace Element Research provides a much-needed central forum for the emergent, interdisciplinary field of research on the biological, environmental, and biomedical roles of trace elements. Rather than confine itself to biochemistry, the journal emphasizes the integrative aspects of trace metal research in all appropriate fields, publishing human and animal nutritional studies devoted to the fundamental chemistry and biochemistry at issue as well as to the elucidation of the relevant aspects of preventive medicine, epidemiology, clinical chemistry, agriculture, endocrinology, animal science, pharmacology, microbiology, toxicology, virology, marine biology, sensory physiology, developmental biology, and related fields.