Recent advcances on plant-based bioengineered nanoparticles using secondary metabolites and their potential in lung cancer management

As modern technology evolves, researchers are attempting to discover novel strategies for controlling deadly lung cancer. The use of secondary metabolites from plants as a precursor in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has several advantages over the more common physiochemical synthesis as it includes, low cost, energy efficiency, biocompatibility, and therapeutic value. This review aims to investigate the effects of employing materials made from plant-based synthesis that contain metallic nanoparticles (Ag, Au, CuO, Se, ZnO, Pt, and SnO₂) highlighting the advantages of their widespread application in lung cancer treatment of the next-generation. Despite a persisting prejudice about the application of nanotechnological products and medicine. The phytochemicals found in plants that are responsible for nanoparticle bio-reduction include flavones, terpenoids, sugars, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and amides. These molecules range in size from small molecules to low molecular weight (MW > 5 000) compounds. Additionally, these plant extract biomolecules serve as a reducing and stabilizing agent, resulting in nanoparticles that are stable and have a regulated form. The focus of this review is on the biomolecule green nanoparticles used in the treatment of lung cancer found in the plant extract, which is thought to be the next generation of futuristic materials.