囊性纤维化患者呼吸道的真菌定植:环境蓄水池的作用。

IF 3.6 3区 生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY
Kévin Ravenel, Hélène Guegan, Amandine Gastebois, Jean-Philippe Bouchara, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Sandrine Giraud
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引用次数: 0

摘要

丝状真菌经常定植于囊性纤维化患者的呼吸道,并可能导致严重的疾病,如过敏性支气管肺曲霉病。能够在患者呼吸道中长期定植的最常见丝状真菌是烟曲霉(Aspergillus fumigatus)和鞘孢霉(Scedosporium species)。由于可用药物数量有限,而且一些致病菌是具有多重耐药性的微生物,因此确定治疗策略可能具有挑战性。我们需要了解室外和室内环境中的真菌生态位,以了解患者受到污染的原因。鉴于堆肥、农业和花卉领域存在大量的致病霉菌,囊性纤维化(CF)患者不应从事与这些环境有关的职业活动。此外,对其室内环境进行微生物监测,包括分析空气和表面灰尘,对于提出旨在减少接触环境霉菌的预防措施至关重要。然而,在室内环境中也发现了一些与湿度有关的特殊龛位,这些龛位有利于耐热霉菌的生长。据报道,盆栽植物是 Scedosporium 的室内贮藏室。同样,皮炎外孢子菌也可能通过洗碗机在厨房中传播。然而,要确定洗碗机与这种黑色酵母菌在 CF 患者呼吸道中的定植之间的联系,仍需进行基因型研究。此外,由于对与 CF 相关的其他丝状真菌一无所知,因此应开展进一步研究,以确定栖息地中其他潜在的特定壁龛。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Fungal Colonization of the Airways of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: the Role of the Environmental Reservoirs.

Fungal Colonization of the Airways of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: the Role of the Environmental Reservoirs.

Filamentous fungi frequently colonize the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis and may cause severe diseases, such as the allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. The most common filamentous fungi capable to chronically colonize the respiratory tract of the patients are Aspergillus fumigatus and Scedosporium species. Defining the treatment strategy may be challenging, the number of available drugs being limited and some of the causative agents being multiresistant microorganisms. The knowledge of the fungal niches in the outdoor and indoor environment is needed for understanding the origin of the contamination of the patients. In light of the abundance of some of the causative molds in compost, agricultural and flower fields, occupational activities related to such environments should be discouraged for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In addition, the microbiological monitoring of their indoor environment, including analysis of air and dust on surfaces, is essential to propose preventive measures aiming to reduce the exposure to environmental molds. Nevertheless, some specific niches were also identified in the indoor environment, in relation with humidity which favors the growth of thermotolerant molds. Potted plants were reported as indoor reservoirs for Scedosporium species. Likewise, Exophiala dermatitidis may be spread in the kitchen via dishwashers. However, genotype studies are still required to establish the link between dishwashers and colonization of the airways of CF patients by this black yeast. Moreover, as nothing is known regarding the other filamentous fungi associated with CF, further studies should be conducted to identify other potential specific niches in the habitat.

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来源期刊
Mycopathologia
Mycopathologia 生物-真菌学
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
3.60%
发文量
76
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Mycopathologia is an official journal of the International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS). Mycopathologia was founded in 1938 with the mission to ‘diffuse the understanding of fungal diseases in man and animals among mycologists’. Many of the milestones discoveries in the field of medical mycology have been communicated through the pages of this journal. Mycopathologia covers a diverse, interdisciplinary range of topics that is unique in breadth and depth. The journal publishes peer-reviewed, original articles highlighting important developments concerning medically important fungi and fungal diseases. The journal highlights important developments in fungal systematics and taxonomy, laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections, antifungal drugs, clinical presentation and treatment, and epidemiology of fungal diseases globally. Timely opinion articles, mini-reviews, and other communications are usually invited at the discretion of the editorial board. Unique case reports highlighting unprecedented progress in the diagnosis and treatment of fungal infections, are published in every issue of the journal. MycopathologiaIMAGE is another regular feature for a brief clinical report of potential interest to a mixed audience of physicians and laboratory scientists. MycopathologiaGENOME is designed for the rapid publication of new genomes of human and animal pathogenic fungi using a checklist-based, standardized format.
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