自闭症和亚历山大症特征在青春期自我概念和自尊的行为和神经指标中的作用。

IF 5.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Autism Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1177/13623613241232860
Renske van der Cruijsen, Sander Begeer, Eveline A Crone
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引用次数: 0

摘要

内容提要:培养积极的自我概念对于保持良好的心理健康非常重要,因为对自我的消极看法会增加出现抑郁和焦虑等内化症状的风险。尽管自闭症患者经常与这些内化情绪作斗争,而且自我概念和内化情绪都是在青春期形成的,但缺乏对自闭症青少年积极自我概念和自尊发展的研究。在此,我们从行为和神经层面研究了患有自闭症和未患有自闭症的青少年男性在学业、身体、亲社会方面的自我概念和自尊。此外,我们还关注了自闭症患者和同龄人对自我看法的相似性,并评估了自闭症(即难以识别和描述自己的感受)在形成更消极的自我观方面的潜在作用。结果表明,在自尊、自我概念或潜在的神经激活方面不存在群体差异。这表明,患有自闭症的青少年男性在评价自己的特质时使用相同的神经过程。然而,无论临床诊断如何,自闭症特征越多,其身体和亲社会的自我概念就越不积极,而越难识别自己的感受,其自尊心就越低,自我评价时内侧前额叶皮层的激活程度就越低。因此,在治疗自闭症青少年的自卑心理时,必须考虑到并在可能的情况下以改善自闭症特质为目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of autism and alexithymia traits in behavioral and neural indicators of self-concept and self-esteem in adolescence.

Lay abstract: Developing a positive view of the self is important for maintaining a good mental health, as feeling negative about the self increases the risk of developing internalizing symptoms such as feelings of depression and anxiety. Even though autistic individuals regularly struggle with these internalizing feelings, and both self-concept and internalizing feelings are known to develop during adolescence, there is a lack of studies investigating the development of positive self-concept and self-esteem in autistic adolescents. Here, we studied academic, physical, and prosocial self-concept as well as self-esteem in adolescent males with and without autism on both the behavioral and neural level. We additionally focused on similarities in one's own and peers' perspectives on the self, and we assessed a potential role of alexithymia (i.e. having trouble identifying and describing one's feelings) in developing a more negative view of the self. Results showed that there were no group differences in self-esteem, self-concept, or underlying neural activation. This shows that autistic adolescent males use the same neural processes when they evaluate their traits. However, regardless of clinical diagnosis, a higher number of autism traits was related to a less positive physical and prosocial self-concept, whereas more difficulty identifying one's feelings was related to lowered self-esteem and less activation in medial prefrontal cortex during self-evaluations. Therefore, in treatment of autistic adolescents with low self-esteem, it is important to take into account and possibly aim to improve alexithymic traits as well.

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来源期刊
Autism
Autism PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
11.50%
发文量
160
期刊介绍: Autism is a major, peer-reviewed, international journal, published 8 times a year, publishing research of direct and practical relevance to help improve the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. It is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on research in many areas, including: intervention; diagnosis; training; education; translational issues related to neuroscience, medical and genetic issues of practical import; psychological processes; evaluation of particular therapies; quality of life; family needs; and epidemiological research. Autism provides a major international forum for peer-reviewed research of direct and practical relevance to improving the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. The journal''s success and popularity reflect the recent worldwide growth in the research and understanding of autistic spectrum disorders, and the consequent impact on the provision of treatment and care. Autism is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on evaluative research in all areas, including: intervention, diagnosis, training, education, neuroscience, psychological processes, evaluation of particular therapies, quality of life issues, family issues and family services, medical and genetic issues, epidemiological research.
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