C Frydman , S Miño , NG Iglesias , JM Carballeda , M Simari , MB Pisano , MJ Dus Santos , M Mozgovoj
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Globally, the percentage of positive samples was 25 % for HEV, 27 % for RV, 14 % for NoV GII, 1 % for NoV GI, and no detectable samples were found for HAV. HEV, RV, and NoV GII were detected in most of the studied months, with the highest detection rates of RV and NoV GII during the winter season. Regarding RV positive samples, the gene encoding the VP8* protein of three samples was sequenced and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the detected strains belonged to genotypes P[8] and P[3]. Additionally, four NoV strains were also genetically characterized by amplifying a fragment corresponding to the ORF-1/ORF-2 junction region. The identified strains were NoV GI.5, NoV GII.4, NoV GII.17 and NoV GII.20. Our results provide relevant information and serve as scientific evidence of the importance of considering wastewater analysis as a feasible strategy to determine the circulation of enteric viruses in the population, with the further benefit of predicting emerging strains. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
感染肠道病毒的人,无论是有症状还是无症状,都会长期随粪便排出病毒。这一特点,再加上这些病毒在环境中持续存在的能力,构成了我们研究的核心。我们的研究目的是通过 RT 实时 PCR 技术,调查 2020 年 7 月至 2021 年 8 月期间从阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯拉普拉塔区两个低收入社区收集的未经处理的废水样本(100 份)中是否存在与腹泻和肝炎相关的病毒:甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV)、戊型肝炎病毒 (HEV)、诺如病毒 GI (NoV GI)、诺如病毒 GII (NoV GII) 和轮状病毒 (RV)。在全球范围内,阳性样本中 HEV 占 25%,RV 占 27%,NoV GII 占 14%,NoV GI 占 1%,没有发现检测到 HAV 的样本。在研究的大部分月份中都检测到了 HEV、RV 和 NoV GII,其中冬季 RV 和 NoV GII 的检测率最高。关于 RV 阳性样本,对三个样本的 VP8* 蛋白编码基因进行了测序,系统进化分析表明检测到的菌株属于基因型 P[8] 和 P[3]。此外,还通过扩增与 ORF-1/ORF-2 交界区相对应的片段,对四株 NoV 进行了基因鉴定。确定的菌株为 NoV GI.5、NoV GII.4、NoV GII.17 和 NoV GII.20。我们的研究结果提供了相关信息,从科学角度证明了将废水分析作为确定肠道病毒在人群中的流行情况的可行策略的重要性,以及预测新出现的毒株的益处。此外,这项研究也是我国首次报告 NoV GII.20 和 GI.5 基因型的流行情况。
Wastewater surveillance of enteric viruses in eastern Argentina: High rates of detection and first report of NoV GI.5 and GII.20
Individuals infected with enteric viruses excrete them in their feces for an extended period, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic. This characteristic, combined with the capability of these viruses to persist in the environment, forms the core of our research. The objective of our study was to investigate the presence of viruses associated with diarrhea and hepatitis: Hepatitis A virus (HAV), Hepatitis E virus (HEV), Norovirus GI (NoV GI), Norovirus GII (NoV GII), and Rotavirus (RV) by RT-real time PCR, in untreated wastewater samples (n=100) collected in the period July 2020 to August 2021 from two low-income neighborhoods in the district of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Globally, the percentage of positive samples was 25 % for HEV, 27 % for RV, 14 % for NoV GII, 1 % for NoV GI, and no detectable samples were found for HAV. HEV, RV, and NoV GII were detected in most of the studied months, with the highest detection rates of RV and NoV GII during the winter season. Regarding RV positive samples, the gene encoding the VP8* protein of three samples was sequenced and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the detected strains belonged to genotypes P[8] and P[3]. Additionally, four NoV strains were also genetically characterized by amplifying a fragment corresponding to the ORF-1/ORF-2 junction region. The identified strains were NoV GI.5, NoV GII.4, NoV GII.17 and NoV GII.20. Our results provide relevant information and serve as scientific evidence of the importance of considering wastewater analysis as a feasible strategy to determine the circulation of enteric viruses in the population, with the further benefit of predicting emerging strains. Moreover, this study represents the first report of the circulation of NoV GII.20 and GI.5 genotypes in our country.