{"title":"教育不平等的空间分析及其影响因素评估：伊朗 COVID-19 流行前和流行期间","authors":"Reza Kheyroddin, Mehran Alalhesabi, Fariba Maleki","doi":"10.1007/s12061-024-09567-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Different regions of Iran have suffered for a long time from spatial inequalities because of the shortage of infrastructure and educational services. Educational activities play an important role in social and economic mobility and development of regions. The closing of educational centers due to the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic affects the spatial and social inequalities of the regions in Iran. The current study aims to examine spatial inequality of educational indicators during two periods: “before” the outbreak of Covid-19 (2018) and “during” its outbreak (2021). Then the provinces of Iran are stratified in terms of educational indicators by using the combined method of TOPSIS and Shannon's entropy, cluster analysis in Spss and using ArcGis. The most important factors of educational inequality during the Covid19 period were found by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. The results showed that in the pre-Covid period, the distance between the most privileged province (Bushehr) and the most deprived province (Tehran) was 4.5. This amount has increased to 5.5 during the period of Covid-19, which shows the increase of inequalities due to the conditions of Covid-19. Further investigation of the results shows that the inequality of educational indicators among the provinces of the country has a clear relationship with the changes in population movements in different regions of Iran. On the other hand, due to the digital education without need for educational space in the conditions of Covid-19, the importance of the existence of physical infrastructure has been reduced. And two key variables as population density and internet penetration rate play an important role in the provinces’ educational indicators during the period of covid-19. These results could help the spatial planning to reduce inequalities in different regions of the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"17 3","pages":"891 - 921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Spatial Analysis of Educational Inequalities and Evaluation of its Affecting Factors: the Period of Before and During the COVID-19 Epidemic in Iran\",\"authors\":\"Reza Kheyroddin, Mehran Alalhesabi, Fariba Maleki\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12061-024-09567-w\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Different regions of Iran have suffered for a long time from spatial inequalities because of the shortage of infrastructure and educational services. Educational activities play an important role in social and economic mobility and development of regions. The closing of educational centers due to the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic affects the spatial and social inequalities of the regions in Iran. The current study aims to examine spatial inequality of educational indicators during two periods: “before” the outbreak of Covid-19 (2018) and “during” its outbreak (2021). Then the provinces of Iran are stratified in terms of educational indicators by using the combined method of TOPSIS and Shannon's entropy, cluster analysis in Spss and using ArcGis. The most important factors of educational inequality during the Covid19 period were found by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. The results showed that in the pre-Covid period, the distance between the most privileged province (Bushehr) and the most deprived province (Tehran) was 4.5. This amount has increased to 5.5 during the period of Covid-19, which shows the increase of inequalities due to the conditions of Covid-19. Further investigation of the results shows that the inequality of educational indicators among the provinces of the country has a clear relationship with the changes in population movements in different regions of Iran. On the other hand, due to the digital education without need for educational space in the conditions of Covid-19, the importance of the existence of physical infrastructure has been reduced. And two key variables as population density and internet penetration rate play an important role in the provinces’ educational indicators during the period of covid-19. These results could help the spatial planning to reduce inequalities in different regions of the country.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":46392,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy\",\"volume\":\"17 3\",\"pages\":\"891 - 921\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"90\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12061-024-09567-w\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"社会学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12061-024-09567-w","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Spatial Analysis of Educational Inequalities and Evaluation of its Affecting Factors: the Period of Before and During the COVID-19 Epidemic in Iran
Different regions of Iran have suffered for a long time from spatial inequalities because of the shortage of infrastructure and educational services. Educational activities play an important role in social and economic mobility and development of regions. The closing of educational centers due to the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic affects the spatial and social inequalities of the regions in Iran. The current study aims to examine spatial inequality of educational indicators during two periods: “before” the outbreak of Covid-19 (2018) and “during” its outbreak (2021). Then the provinces of Iran are stratified in terms of educational indicators by using the combined method of TOPSIS and Shannon's entropy, cluster analysis in Spss and using ArcGis. The most important factors of educational inequality during the Covid19 period were found by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression. The results showed that in the pre-Covid period, the distance between the most privileged province (Bushehr) and the most deprived province (Tehran) was 4.5. This amount has increased to 5.5 during the period of Covid-19, which shows the increase of inequalities due to the conditions of Covid-19. Further investigation of the results shows that the inequality of educational indicators among the provinces of the country has a clear relationship with the changes in population movements in different regions of Iran. On the other hand, due to the digital education without need for educational space in the conditions of Covid-19, the importance of the existence of physical infrastructure has been reduced. And two key variables as population density and internet penetration rate play an important role in the provinces’ educational indicators during the period of covid-19. These results could help the spatial planning to reduce inequalities in different regions of the country.
期刊介绍：
Description
The journal has an applied focus: it actively promotes the importance of geographical research in real world settings
It is policy-relevant: it seeks both a readership and contributions from practitioners as well as academics
The substantive foundation is spatial analysis: the use of quantitative techniques to identify patterns and processes within geographic environments
The combination of these points, which are fully reflected in the naming of the journal, establishes a unique position in the marketplace.
RationaleA geographical perspective has always been crucial to the understanding of the social and physical organisation of the world around us. The techniques of spatial analysis provide a powerful means for the assembly and interpretation of evidence, and thus to address critical questions about issues such as crime and deprivation, immigration and demographic restructuring, retailing activity and employment change, resource management and environmental improvement. Many of these issues are equally important to academic research as they are to policy makers and Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy aims to close the gap between these two perspectives by providing a forum for discussion of applied research in a range of different contexts
Topical and interdisciplinaryIncreasingly government organisations, administrative agencies and private businesses are requiring research to support their ‘evidence-based’ strategies or policies. Geographical location is critical in much of this work which extends across a wide range of disciplines including demography, actuarial sciences, statistics, public sector planning, business planning, economics, epidemiology, sociology, social policy, health research, environmental management.
FocusApplied Spatial Analysis and Policy will draw on applied research from diverse problem domains, such as transport, policing, education, health, environment and leisure, in different international contexts. The journal will therefore provide insights into the variations in phenomena that exist across space, it will provide evidence for comparative policy analysis between domains and between locations, and stimulate ideas about the translation of spatial analysis methods and techniques across varied policy contexts. It is essential to know how to measure, monitor and understand spatial distributions, many of which have implications for those with responsibility to plan and enhance the society and the environment in which we all exist.
Readership and Editorial BoardAs a journal focused on applications of methods of spatial analysis, Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy will be of interest to scholars and students in a wide range of academic fields, to practitioners in government and administrative agencies and to consultants in private sector organisations. The Editorial Board reflects the international and multidisciplinary nature of the journal.
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