二十世纪初美国白人文明叙事中的种族野蛮建构

IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
MARGARITA ARAGON
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文研究了美国白人通过黑人 "堕落 "的建构来合理化吉姆-克劳恐怖的过程。我认为,对非裔美国人所谓的堕落轨迹的反思从一系列殖民话语中汲取了关系意义。非裔美国人在奴役的束缚之外每况愈下的说法是在这一时期流传的更广泛的跨国帝国主义话语中阐述的,这些话语认为世界上的野蛮民族注定要在文明的进程中衰退。在此,我将通过另外两个想象中的半球白人文明与野蛮人之间的相遇来审视美国白人对非洲裔美国人退化的叙述。在文章的前半部分,我考虑了文化和政治文本中运用的海地形象,这些形象象征着黑人与生俱来的野蛮的持久性和黑人自由的世界末日潜力。在后半部分,我将结合 "消失的印第安人 "的种族灭绝建构,探讨黑人在自由中退化的论述。我将重点放在两个纪念项目上:1931 年在哈珀斯费里树立的忠实奴隶纪念碑,以及 1913 年在沃兹沃斯堡破土动工但从未完工的美国印第安人国家纪念碑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Constructions of Racial Savagery in Early Twentieth-Century US Narratives of White Civilization
This article examines the constructions of Black “degeneracy” through which white Americans rationalized Jim Crow terror. Ruminations on African Americans’ supposed downward trajectory, I argue, drew relational meaning from a range of colonial discourses. Claims that African Americans were deteriorating outside the bonds of enslavement were articulated within wider transnational imperialist discourses circulating in this period that imagined that the world's savage peoples were destined to recede in the march of civilization. Here, I examine white Americans’ narratives of African American degeneration through two other imagined hemispheric encounters between white civilization and savagery. In the article's first half, I consider images of Haiti employed in cultural and political texts to signify the durability of innate Black savagery and the apocalyptic potential of Black freedom. In the second half, I consider discourses of Black degeneration in freedom alongside the genocidal construction of the “vanishing Indian.” I focus on two memorial projects: the 1931 monument to the Faithful Slave erected in Harpers Ferry and the never-completed National American Indian Memorial, for which ground was broken in 1913 at Fort Wadsworth.
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来源期刊
Journal of American Studies
Journal of American Studies HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
0.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: Journal of American Studies seeks to critique and interrogate the notion of "America", pursuing this through international perspectives on the history, literature, politics and culture of the United States. The Journal publishes original peer-reviewed research and analysis by established and emerging scholars throughout the world, considering US history, politics, literature, institutions, economics, film, popular culture, geography, sociology and related subjects in domestic, continental, hemispheric, and global contexts. Its expanded book review section offers in-depth analysis of recent American Studies scholarship to promote further discussion and debate.
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