蝠鲼雄性吼猴通过长途鸣叫的声调间距来评估对手。

IF 1.3 4区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY
Primates Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-21 DOI:10.1007/s10329-024-01120-0
Natalia Maya Lastra, Ariadna Rangel Negrín, Alejandro Coyohua Fuentes, Pedro A D Dias
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引用次数: 0

摘要

远距离发声的共振频率间距与体型呈等比关系,可能是战斗潜力的真实信号。然而,只有有限的证据表明,灵长类动物在与群外雄性动物(一种危险的环境)进行互动时,会利用声调间距来评估对手的竞争潜力。我们假设,如果雄性蝠鲼吼猴(Alouatta palliata)长距离鸣叫的声调间距与战斗潜力成反比,那么雄性吼猴就应该(1)更有可能(2)更多地使用声调间距:(1)更有可能和(2)更快地对呼唤对手的声音做出反应;(3)更有可能和(4)更快地接近呼唤对手;对中高声调间距呼唤对手的粪便中(5)糖皮质激素和(6)睾酮代谢物浓度高于低声调间距呼唤对手的粪便中(5)糖皮质激素和(6)睾酮代谢物浓度。我们研究了11只成年雄性个体对未知个体以低度(即模仿大型个体)、中度和高度(即小型个体)声调间距进行的长途呼叫回放实验(n = 36次实验)的行为反应。我们检测了粪便中糖皮质激素和睾酮代谢物的浓度(n = 174)。回放总是能引起雄性的声音反应,但雄性对中等声调间距的回放比对低声调间距的回放反应更快。低声调间距的叫声不太可能引起雄性接近,而高声调间距的叫声则会导致雄性更快地接近。雄性对低声调间距鸣叫的荷尔蒙反应强于对中声调间距和高声调间距鸣叫的荷尔蒙反应。雄性可能不会升级与低声调间距鸣叫的对手的冲突,如果这些对手被认为是大个子的话,与他们的冲突中获胜的概率会降低,对抗成本会增加;但雄性却愿意升级与高声调间距的对手的冲突。因此,在该物种中,声调间距可能是评估对手的一个重要信号。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Mantled howler monkey males assess their rivals through formant spacing of long-distance calls.

Mantled howler monkey males assess their rivals through formant spacing of long-distance calls.

Formant frequency spacing of long-distance vocalizations is allometrically related to body size and could represent an honest signal of fighting potential. There is, however, only limited evidence that primates use formant spacing to assess the competitive potential of rivals during interactions with extragroup males, a risky context. We hypothesized that if formant spacing of long-distance calls is inversely related to the fighting potential of male mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata), then males should: (1) be more likely and (2) faster to display vocal responses to calling rivals; (3) be more likely and (4) faster to approach calling rivals; and have higher fecal (5) glucocorticoid and (6) testosterone metabolite concentrations in response to rivals calling at intermediate and high formant spacing than to those with low formant spacing. We studied the behavioral responses of 11 adult males to playback experiments of long-distance calls from unknown individuals with low (i.e., emulating large individuals), intermediate, and high (i.e., small individuals) formant spacing (n = 36 experiments). We assayed fecal glucocorticoid and testosterone metabolite concentrations (n = 174). Playbacks always elicited vocal responses, but males responded quicker to intermediate than to low formant spacing playbacks. Low formant spacing calls were less likely to elicit approaches whereas high formant spacing calls resulted in quicker approaches. Males showed stronger hormonal responses to low than to both intermediate and high formant spacing calls. It is possible that males do not escalate conflicts with rivals with low formant spacing calls if these are perceived as large, and against whom winning probabilities should decrease and confrontation costs increase; but are willing to escalate conflicts with rivals of high formant spacing. Formant spacing may therefore be an important signal for rival assessment in this species.

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来源期刊
Primates
Primates 生物-动物学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
17.60%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Primates is an international journal of primatology whose aim is to provide a forum for the elucidation of all aspects of primates. The oldest primatological journal, Primates publishes original papers that advance the scientific study of primates, and its scope embraces work in diverse fields covering biological bases of behavior, socio-ecology, learning and cognition, social processes, systematics, evolution, and medicine. Contributions relevant to conservation of natural populations and welfare of captive primates are welcome. Studies focusing on nonprimate species may be considered if their relevance to primatology is clear. Original Articles as well as Review Articles, News and Perspectives, and Book Reviews are included. All manuscripts received are initially screened for suitability by members of the Editorial Board, taking into account style and ethical issues, leading to a swift decision about whether to send the manuscript for external review.
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