Peter Puplampu, Olive Asafu-Adjaye, Marian Harrison, J. Tetteh, V. Ganu
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Results: The mean age of patients with a new HIV diagnosis was 40.15 ± 11.47 years. Male versus female sex differential was 30.3% and 69.7%, respectively. The prevalence of OIs among newly diagnosed HIV patients was 33.1% (95% CI = 34.6–44.1). About 70% (120/166) of patients with OIs were classified into WHO clinical stage III and IV. The most common OIs were candidiasis (oro-pharyhngeal-esophageal) (36.9%), and cerebral toxoplasmosis (19.9%). The odds of an OI at the time of HIV diagnosis among females was 51% lower than in males (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.28–0.86). Being employed increased the odds of OIs by 2.5 compared to the unemployed (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.11–5.61). Participants classified as World Health Organization (WHO) HIV clinical stage III and IV were 15.88 (95% CI = 9.41–26.79) times more likely to experience OIs. Conclusion: One in three patients newly diagnosed with HIV presented with an opportunistic infection, with men more likely to experience such infections. Significant attention should be given to improving case-finding strategies, especially among men.","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"51 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Opportunistic Infections among newly diagnosed HIV patients in the largest tertiary facility in Ghana\",\"authors\":\"Peter Puplampu, Olive Asafu-Adjaye, Marian Harrison, J. Tetteh, V. Ganu\",\"doi\":\"10.5334/aogh.4149\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Background: Opportunistic infections (OIs) among newly diagnosed HIV patients are a marker for inadequateness of HIV awareness and testing. Despite global efforts at creating awareness for early detection, late HIV diagnosis and its associated OIs still exist. 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The odds of an OI at the time of HIV diagnosis among females was 51% lower than in males (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.28–0.86). Being employed increased the odds of OIs by 2.5 compared to the unemployed (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.11–5.61). Participants classified as World Health Organization (WHO) HIV clinical stage III and IV were 15.88 (95% CI = 9.41–26.79) times more likely to experience OIs. Conclusion: One in three patients newly diagnosed with HIV presented with an opportunistic infection, with men more likely to experience such infections. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:新诊断出的艾滋病患者中的机会性感染(OIs)是艾滋病认知和检测不足的标志。尽管全球都在努力提高对早期检测的认识,但艾滋病毒的晚期诊断及其相关的机会性感染仍然存在。本研究旨在确定加纳新诊断的 HIV 患者中 OIs 的流行率和模式以及相关因素。方法:从2018年7月1日至2019年12月,在科勒布教学医院对423名年龄≥18岁的新诊断HIV患者进行了数据提取的回顾性研究。采用多变量逻辑回归评估与OIs相关的因素。使用SPSS 16版进行分析,P值<0.05为显著。结果新确诊艾滋病毒感染者的平均年龄为(40.15 ± 11.47)岁。男女性别差异分别为 30.3% 和 69.7%。新确诊的艾滋病患者中,OIs 感染率为 33.1%(95% CI = 34.6-44.1)。约 70% 的 OIs 患者(120/166)被划分为 WHO 临床 III 期和 IV 期。最常见的 OI 是念珠菌病(口-咽-食道)(36.9%)和脑弓形虫病(19.9%)。女性在确诊艾滋病毒时患 OI 的几率比男性低 51%(aOR = 0.49,95% CI = 0.28-0.86)。与失业者相比,就业者发生 OI 的几率增加了 2.5(aOR = 2.5;95% CI = 1.11-5.61)。被归类为世界卫生组织(WHO)HIV 临床 III 期和 IV 期的参与者发生 OIs 的几率要高 15.88 倍(95% CI = 9.41-26.79)。结论每三名新确诊的 HIV 感染者中就有一人出现机会性感染,其中男性更容易出现此类感染。应高度重视改进病例发现策略,尤其是男性患者。
Opportunistic Infections among newly diagnosed HIV patients in the largest tertiary facility in Ghana
Background: Opportunistic infections (OIs) among newly diagnosed HIV patients are a marker for inadequateness of HIV awareness and testing. Despite global efforts at creating awareness for early detection, late HIV diagnosis and its associated OIs still exist. This study sought to determine the prevalence and patterns of OIs and associated factors among newly diagnosed HIV patients in Ghana. Methods: A retrospective study using data extraction was conducted among 423 newly diagnosed HIV patients aged ≥18 years at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital from July 1st 2018 to December 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was adopted to assess factors associated to OIs. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 16, and p-value < 0.05 was deemed significant. Results: The mean age of patients with a new HIV diagnosis was 40.15 ± 11.47 years. Male versus female sex differential was 30.3% and 69.7%, respectively. The prevalence of OIs among newly diagnosed HIV patients was 33.1% (95% CI = 34.6–44.1). About 70% (120/166) of patients with OIs were classified into WHO clinical stage III and IV. The most common OIs were candidiasis (oro-pharyhngeal-esophageal) (36.9%), and cerebral toxoplasmosis (19.9%). The odds of an OI at the time of HIV diagnosis among females was 51% lower than in males (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.28–0.86). Being employed increased the odds of OIs by 2.5 compared to the unemployed (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.11–5.61). Participants classified as World Health Organization (WHO) HIV clinical stage III and IV were 15.88 (95% CI = 9.41–26.79) times more likely to experience OIs. Conclusion: One in three patients newly diagnosed with HIV presented with an opportunistic infection, with men more likely to experience such infections. Significant attention should be given to improving case-finding strategies, especially among men.
期刊介绍:
ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications.
The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.