邻里纠纷对反社会认知与犯罪关系的调节作用:对八个西欧国家青少年的多层次分析

Glenn D. Walters
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了评估邻里关系混乱对反社会认知与犯罪之间关系的影响,本研究对第二次国际犯罪自述研究(ISRD2)的数据进行了多层次分析。本研究的样本由来自 8 个西欧国家 502 所公立学校的 20,700 名参与者(10,219 名男性和 10,474 名女性)组成。孩子就读的公立学校是聚类变量,参与者对其所在社区的生理和心理失调情况进行评分。在多层次分析中,将所有就读于特定学校的参与者的平均评分作为二级变量(邻里失调)。由一级控制变量、犯罪种类、道德中和以及认知冲动和二级邻里失调组成的模型产生了显著的跨级交互作用,即邻里失调程度高时,道德中和-犯罪率回归线的斜率明显比邻里失调程度低时陡峭。然而,当认知冲动与道德中和同时评估时,认知冲动并没有影响。综上所述,这些研究结果表明,当个人层面的变量(道德中和度)和群体层面的变量(邻里关系混乱度)同时升高时,犯罪率会明显增加。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Moderation of the Antisocial Cognition-Offending Relationship by Neighborhood Disorder: A Multilevel Analysis of Adolescents from Eight Western European Countries
In an effort to gauge the effect of perceived neighborhood disorder on the antisocial cognition–delinquency relationship, this study subjected data from the Second International Self-Reported Delinquency study (ISRD2) to multilevel analysis. The sample for this study was composed of 20,700 participants (10,219 males and 10,474 females) from 502 public schools in eight Western European countries. The public school the child was attending served as the clustering variable and participants rated their neighborhoods on measures of physical and psychological disorder. Averaging these ratings across all participants attending a particular school, the mean ratings became the Level 2 variable (neighborhood disorder) in a multilevel analysis. A model composed of control variables, offending variety, moral neutralization, and cognitive impulsivity at Level 1 and neighborhood disorder at Level 2 produced a significant cross-level interaction in which the slope of the moral neutralization–delinquency regression line was significantly steeper when neighborhood disorder was high rather than when it was low. There was no effect for cognitive impulsivity, however, when it was assessed in conjunction with moral neutralization. Taken as a whole, these findings suggest that significantly more offending occurs when an individual-level variable, moral neutralization, and a group-level variable, neighborhood disorder, are both elevated.
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