A Comprehensive Exploration of Topical Dosage Form in Ayurveda: A Review

In order to effectively deliver drug molecules to their intended targets in the body, different dosage forms are utilized. Adapting dosage forms to the specific needs of the modern era and the condition of the disease can enhance the provision of healthcare to those in need, particularly through the use of herbal and traditional (Unani and Ayurvedic) products. Ayurveda employs various classifications of dosage forms, such as Aushadha kalpana and Ahara kalpana. Aushadha kalpana can be further categorized into Primary kalpana (Panchavidha kashaya Kalpana) and Secondary kalpana. These classifications are based on the origin of the ingredients, including plant, animal, and mineral sources. Dosage forms can also be classified based on their physical state, such as liquid, semi-solid, and solid forms. Furthermore, dosage forms can be categorized according to their intended usage, including Bahya kalpana (external application) and Abhyantara kalpana (internal administration). The importance of employing various dosage forms in Ayurveda lies in making them compatible and palatable to patients, as well as increasing their shelf life. One significant classification within Ayurveda is the topical dosage form (Bahya Kalpana), which encompasses formulations like lepa Kalpana, Malhara Kalpana, and Upnaha Kalpana. This article focuses specifically on exploring the topical dosage forms in Ayurveda.