在非洲牧区控制口蹄疫的挑战

Mkama M. Mashinagu, P. Wambura, Donald P King, David J. Paton, Francois Maree, S. Kimera, M. Rweyemamu, C. Kasanga
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摘要

口蹄疫(FMD)是一种极具破坏性的病毒性疾病,影响所有有蹄动物。这种疾病威胁着世界各地的粮食安全和生计。口蹄疫是非洲的地方病;在非洲,口蹄疫的持续传播会降低奶和肉等畜产品的质量和数量,破坏畜牧业进入区域市场和利润丰厚的全球市场的机会,从而影响牧民社区的生计。非洲(尤其是热带非洲)用于控制口蹄疫的战略通常是分散的国家级重点活动,效果相对较差,而不是其他大陆(南美洲、欧洲)用于成功减少甚至消除病毒传播的区域协调举措。生物技术的进步提高了我们检测口蹄疫病毒株并确定其特征的能力,但仍需要更有效的疾病控制方法来鼓励疾病报告和疫情调查。本报告回顾了非洲不同牧区在口蹄疫控制方面面临的挑战,旨在提供信息并引发讨论,以改进非洲地区口蹄疫控制的战略和方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Challenges of Controlling Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Pastoral Settings in Africa
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly devastating viral disease affecting all cloven-hoofed animals. The disease threatens food security and livelihoods across different parts of the world. FMD is endemic in Africa; where the continuous circulation of the disease impacts the livelihoods of pastoral communities by reducing the quality and quantity of livestock products such as milk and meat, as well as undermining the access of the livestock sector to regional and lucrative global markets. Strategies used to control FMD in Africa, especially tropical Africa, are typically fragmented national-level focused activities with relatively poor outcomes, rather than regionally coordinated initiatives that have been used on other continents (South America, Europe) to successfully reduce and even eliminate virus circulation. Biotechnological advances have improved our ability to detect and characterize FMD virus strains, but more effective approaches to disease control are needed to encourage disease reporting and outbreak investigation. This review of the challenges to FMD control amongst Africa’s diverse pastoral communities is intended to provide information and provoke discussion to improve the strategies and approaches for regional FMD control in Africa.
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