Applying the Evidence: Taste Manipulation as a Dysphagia Management Strategy

This narrative review aims to summarize the evidence regarding taste manipulation as a dysphagia management strategy within the evidence-based practice framework, with a focus on clinical application for speech-language pathologists. First, we present background information on the physiology of taste and swallowing. A summary of research evidence on the effect of taste on swallowing is presented, followed by suggested methods for incorporating taste into swallowing evaluation and intervention. An overview of individual factors that can impact taste perception is provided. Finally, we discuss methods of clinical application and future directions for clinicians. Although taste manipulation has received increased attention in the research literature, further research is needed to clarify its interaction with swallowing, particularly given the multisensory nature of eating and individual factors that mediate taste perception. Much of the existing evidence is based on participants without dysphagia; additional clinical research is needed on taste manipulation in persons with dysphagia. Clinicians can incorporate taste in their evaluation of swallowing and treatment, and consider how individual taste perception and preferences impact dysphagia management.