专家还是难民两种同域林地蝾螈的微生境利用和竞争

IF 1.9 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
B. P. Waldron, C. A. Campbell, S. R. Kuchta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

物种间的共生可能受生态差异或竞争性相互作用的影响,但这些相互作用的性质可能因空间尺度而异。在粗尺度上,物种之间可能会出现广泛的共生,但在细尺度上,特别是对于家域较小的物种,物种可能会利用微生境的不同方面,从而限制了共生,减少或消除了竞争性相互作用。我们研究了分布在北美东部阿勒格尼高原的两种形态和生态学上相似的林地蝾螈(红背蝾螈Plethodon cinereus和北峡谷蝾螈P. electromorphus)对微生境的利用,以确定它们是否在更细的尺度上分割生境。我们还测试了电磁蝾螈是否是栖息地类型的专家,这种栖息地类型使其能够将溪螈排除在外,或者电磁蝾螈是否将质量较低的栖息地作为避开溪螈的避难所。在一个微共生的地点,我们在两个季节重复对地块取样,每个地块位于景观的不同区域,并使用占有率和丰度模型来评估共同出现的程度,并检验物种是否使用不同的微生境条件。在大多数地块中,我们检测到电动栉齿雉的同时也检测到了电动栉齿雉。与一些山地物种配对中记录的高海拔栖息地专科排斥低海拔通科的模式不同,我们发现电磁鸦雀主要利用对两种物种都有利的微生境条件,例如朝北的斜坡,但并没有对P. cinereus的数量产生负面影响。在有大量竞争者存在的情况下,数量较少的物种对微生境的利用可能会缩小到有足够资源的最佳条件,以促进共生。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Specialist or refugee: Microhabitat use and competition between two sympatric woodland salamanders

Specialist or refugee: Microhabitat use and competition between two sympatric woodland salamanders

Specialist or refugee: Microhabitat use and competition between two sympatric woodland salamanders

Co-occurrence between species may be mediated by ecological differences or competitive interactions, but the nature of these interactions can vary across spatial scales. At coarse scales, species may appear to broadly co-occur, but at fine scales, particularly for species with small home ranges, species may utilize different aspects of the microhabitat such that co-occurrence is limited and competitive interactions are reduced or eliminated. We investigated the microhabitat use of two morphologically and ecologically similar woodland salamanders (the Red-backed Salamander, Plethodon cinereus, and the Northern Ravine Salamander, P. electromorphus) that are distributed throughout the Alleghany Plateau in eastern North America to determine whether they partition habitat at finer scales. We also tested if P. electromorphus is a specialist on habitat types that allow it to exclude P. cinereus, or if P. electromorphus uses lower quality habitat as a refuge to avoid P. cinereus. At a site of microsympatry, we repeatedly sampled plots during two seasons, each within a different area of the landscape, and used occupancy and abundance modeling to assess the extent of co-occurrence and test whether the species use different microhabitat conditions. Plethodon cinereus greatly outnumbered P. electromorphus and occupied a greater proportion of plots, most plots where we detected P. electromorphus we also detected P. cinereus. In contrast to patterns documented in some montane species pairs, in which a high-elevation habitat specialist excludes a low-elevation generalist, we found that P. electromorphus primarily used microhabitat conditions favorable for both species, such as north-facing slopes, yet did not have a negative effect on the abundances of P. cinereus. In the presence of an abundant competitor, microhabitat use of the less abundant species may narrow toward optimal conditions with sufficient resources to facilitate co-occurrence.

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来源期刊
Journal of Zoology
Journal of Zoology 生物-动物学
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
90
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Zoology publishes high-quality research papers that are original and are of broad interest. The Editors seek studies that are hypothesis-driven and interdisciplinary in nature. Papers on animal behaviour, ecology, physiology, anatomy, developmental biology, evolution, systematics, genetics and genomics will be considered; research that explores the interface between these disciplines is strongly encouraged. Studies dealing with geographically and/or taxonomically restricted topics should test general hypotheses, describe novel findings or have broad implications. The Journal of Zoology aims to maintain an effective but fair peer-review process that recognises research quality as a combination of the relevance, approach and execution of a research study.
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