早年接种口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗对残疾的影响:来自印度的证据

IF 6.1 2区 经济学
Mayanka Ambade, Nidhiya Menon, S. V. Subramanian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们评估了口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗对印度所有残疾(运动、听力、视力、言语和智力)发病率的影响,重点关注与脊髓灰质炎相关的残疾,这在运动残疾中占比最大。即使在 20 世纪 90 年代初,小儿麻痹症在印度也是高流行率疾病,但印度于 2014 年被宣布为无野生小儿麻痹症病毒国家。通过人口和社会经济特征条件下的多时段差分模型得出的意向治疗效果显示,在出生当年接种口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗可使任何残疾、运动残疾和脊髓灰质炎相关残疾的发生率分别降低20.5%、11.6%和7.2%,这意味着取得了巨大的收益。对任何残疾的影响突出表明,小儿麻痹症疫苗也对其他残疾类别产生了积极的溢出效应。印度根除小儿麻痹症的时间虽然相对较晚,但却带来了巨大的健康效益,是发展中国家卫生经济学的一个显著成功案例。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The impact of early-life access to oral polio vaccines on disability: evidence from India

The impact of early-life access to oral polio vaccines on disability: evidence from India

We evaluate the impact of oral polio vaccines on the incidence of all disabilities (locomotor, hearing, visual, speech, and mental) in India, focusing on polio-related disability, which constitutes the largest fraction of locomotor disabilities. Polio was hyperendemic in India even as recently as the early 1990s, but the country was declared wild polio virus-free in 2014. Intent-to-treat effects from difference-in-differences with multiple time period models that condition on demographic and socio-economic characteristics reveal that access to oral polio vaccines in the year of birth reduced the incidence of any disability, locomotor disability, and polio-related disability by 20.5%, 11.6%, and 7.2%, respectively, signaling substantial gains. Impacts on any disability underline that polio vaccines had positive spillover effects on other disability categories as well. The eradication of polio in India, while relatively late, brought significant health benefits and is a notable health economics success story in a developing context.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
6.60%
发文量
50
期刊介绍: The Journal of Population Economics is an international quarterly that publishes original theoretical and applied research in all areas of population economics. Micro-level topics examine individual, household or family behavior, including household formation, marriage, divorce, fertility choices, education, labor supply, migration, health, risky behavior and aging. Macro-level investigations may address such issues as economic growth with exogenous or endogenous population evolution, population policy, savings and pensions, social security, housing, and health care. The journal also features research into economic approaches to human biology, the relationship between population dynamics and public choice, and the impact of population on the distribution of income and wealth. Lastly, readers will find papers dealing with policy issues and development problems that are relevant to population issues.The journal is published in collaboration with POP at UNU-MERIT, the Global Labor Organization (GLO) and the European Society for Population Economics (ESPE).Officially cited as: J Popul Econ Factor (RePEc): 13.576 (July 2018) Rank 69 of 2102 journals listed in RePEc
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