更新世南美原生蹄类动物的骨骼疾病:Toxodon platensis Owen, 1837(哺乳纲,蹄目,蹄齿科)的案例

IF 1.9 3区 地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL
Carlos A. Luna, Fernando H. De S. Barbosa, Romina Gonzalez, Ángel R. Miño-Boilini, Carolina Repetto, Alfredo E. Zurita
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有关南美洲原生有蹄类动物骨骼病理学的知识非常稀少,这与其他巨型哺乳动物类群(如异食类和长鼻类)形成了鲜明对比。在本文中,我们根据形态学和组织学分析,描述了在阿根廷东北部晚更新世动物群落中最常见的类群之一--Toxodon platensis Owen(Notoungulata)的两个标本的不同骨骼病变。其中一个分析个体的掌骨和大骨软骨下侵蚀,椎体、神经柱和腰椎颧骨关节的非边缘性联合骨赘和关节炎,以及肋骨上特殊的骨膜反应,都被解释为脊柱关节病的表现。在同一个人身上,尾椎骨出现了融合和骨质新生的过程,这似乎既与上述脊柱关节病有关,也与感染过程有关。第二个个体的第四跖骨上的病变带有明显的泄殖腔,这表明它患有骨髓炎;这是在无尾熊中首次发现这种病变。其中一些病变可能是由于体重、运动方式和/或环境等因素造成的。这些发现使人们对这一已灭绝的南美洲巨型哺乳动物群体的生态学的某些方面有了更深入的了解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bone diseases in a Pleistocene South American native ungulate species: the case of Toxodon platensis Owen, 1837 (Mammalia, Notoungulata, Toxodontidae)
Knowledge of bone pathologies in South American native ungulates is very scarce, which contrasts with other groups of megamammals such as xenarthrans and proboscideans. In this paper, based on morphological and histological analysis, we describe different bone pathologies in two specimens of Toxodon platensis Owen (Notoungulata), one of the most common taxa in the Late Pleistocene faunistic associations of northeastern Argentina. Subchondral erosions on the metacarpus and magnum, non-marginal syndesmophytes and enthesitis on the vertebral body, the neural column and the zygapophyseal joint of the lumbar vertebrae, as well as a particular periosteal reaction on the ribs, have been interpreted as manifestations of spondyloarthropathies in one of the analyzed individuals. In the same individual, a process of fusion and bone neoformation is observed in the caudal vertebrae, which seems to correspond both to the aforementioned spondyloarthropathy and to an infectious process. A lesion on the fourth metatarsus of a second individual with an evident cloaca is suggestive of osteomyelitis; this is the first report of this pathology in notoungulates. It seems possible that some of these pathologies may have been facilitated by factors such as body mass, mode of locomotion and/or environment. These findings provide insight into some aspects of the ecology of this particular group of extinct South American megamammals.
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来源期刊
Journal of Quaternary Science
Journal of Quaternary Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.70%
发文量
82
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Quaternary Science publishes original papers on any field of Quaternary research, and aims to promote a wider appreciation and deeper understanding of the earth''s history during the last 2.58 million years. Papers from a wide range of disciplines appear in JQS including, for example, Archaeology, Botany, Climatology, Geochemistry, Geochronology, Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Glaciology, Limnology, Oceanography, Palaeoceanography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Palaeontology, Soil Science and Zoology. The journal particularly welcomes papers reporting the results of interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary research which are of wide international interest to Quaternary scientists. Short communications and correspondence relating to views and information contained in JQS may also be considered for publication.
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