了解壶湾潮汐淡水沼泽在当前相对海平面上升条件下的命运

IF 2.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
P. Delgado, N. Howard, D. Waters
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引用次数: 0

摘要

潮汐淡水沼泽(TFMs)位于河口的潮汐上游,具有多样性和高生产力的特点。这些生态系统受到气候变化的威胁,但与其他沿海湿地不同的是,目前还缺乏有关气候变化影响及其应对措施的信息。为了了解壶湾 TFMs 对海平面上升(SLR)的适应能力,测量了一级和二级河道沿岸低、中高沼泽区的地表高程变化。海拔变化具有明显的时空变异性。明显的季节性表现为生长季节海拔较高,偶发性风暴改变了海拔轨迹。从空间上看,海拔变化受水道类别和沼泽区的影响很大。一级河道沿岸的低沼泽海拔下降(-11.57 毫米/年-1),而中高沼泽海拔上升(+2.65 毫米/年-1)。在二级河道中,低沼泽(+11.29 毫米/年-1)和中高沼泽(+5.43 毫米/年-1)的海拔高度都有所上升。对帕塔克森特河和西部支流的海岸线变化分析(2007-2018 年)显示,变化率介于 -0.35 和 -0.90 米/年之间。2019 年的一项高地迁移研究表明,所研究的大多数 TFM 因山坡陡峭而无法迁移。总体而言,二级河道沿岸保护较好地区的沼泽具有较强的复原能力,而一级河道的低洼沼泽则最容易受到可持续土地退化的影响。由于高地迁移潜力低,所研究的沼泽必须主要依靠垂直海拔的增加来跟上可持续土地退化的速度。如果考虑在该系统中进行恢复,则应将重点放在一级水道沿线的脆弱低沼泽区。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Understanding the Fate of Jug Bay Tidal Freshwater Marshes Under Current Relative Sea Level Rise Conditions

Understanding the Fate of Jug Bay Tidal Freshwater Marshes Under Current Relative Sea Level Rise Conditions

Tidal freshwater marshes (TFMs), found in the upper tidal reaches of river estuaries, are characterized by high diversity and productivity. These ecosystems are threatened by climate change, but unlike other coastal wetlands, there is a lack of information about the impact and their response to this threat. To understand the resilience of Jug Bay TFMs to sea level rise (SLR), surface elevation change was measured in low and mid-high marsh areas along primary and secondary channels. Elevation change exhibited significant temporal and spatial variability. A marked seasonality showed higher elevation during the growing season, and episodic storms altered elevation trajectories. Spatially, elevation change was significantly affected by channel category and marsh zone. Low marsh along primary channels lost elevation (−11.57 mm year−1), while the mid-high marsh gained elevation (+2.65 mm year−1). In secondary channels, both low (+11.29 mm year−1) and mid-high marshes (+5.43 mm year−1) gained elevation. A shoreline change analysis for the Patuxent and Western Branch rivers (2007–2018) showed change rates between −0.35 and −0.90 m year−1. A 2019 upland migration study indicated that most TFMs studied are not able to migrate due to steep slopes. Overall, marsh in more protected areas, along secondary channels, are more resilient, while low marsh in primary channels the most vulnerable to SLR. With low upland migration potential, studied marshes have to rely mainly on vertical elevation gain to keep up with SLR. If restoration is considered in this system, it should focus on the vulnerable low marsh zones along primary channels.

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来源期刊
Estuaries and Coasts
Estuaries and Coasts 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
107
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Estuaries and Coasts is the journal of the Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation (CERF). Begun in 1977 as Chesapeake Science, the journal has gradually expanded its scope and circulation. Today, the journal publishes scholarly manuscripts on estuarine and near coastal ecosystems at the interface between the land and the sea where there are tidal fluctuations or sea water is diluted by fresh water. The interface is broadly defined to include estuaries and nearshore coastal waters including lagoons, wetlands, tidal fresh water, shores and beaches, but not the continental shelf. The journal covers research on physical, chemical, geological or biological processes, as well as applications to management of estuaries and coasts. The journal publishes original research findings, reviews and perspectives, techniques, comments, and management applications. Estuaries and Coasts will consider properly carried out studies that present inconclusive findings or document a failed replication of previously published work. Submissions that are primarily descriptive, strongly place-based, or only report on development of models or new methods without detailing their applications fall outside the scope of the journal.
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