国际牙科创伤学会(IADT)和运动牙科学会(ASD)牙科创伤预防指南:第 7 部分:预防牙齿和口腔创伤的正畸学。

IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Paul V. Abbott, Nitesh Tewari, Stephen C. Mills, Hans Stasiuk, Mark Roettger, Anne C. O'Connell, Liran Levin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

造成牙外伤(TDI)的原因有很多。牙医有必要向患者及其家长介绍与某些畸形牙相关的易发危险因素。绝大多数的牙外伤都发生在少男少女的上颌前牙(上前牙)。增加此类损伤风险的两个主要因素是过咬合(上前牙突出)和唇闭合不全(嘴唇不容易闭合)。考虑到这些易患因素,就会产生一个显而易见的问题:对患有这些疾病的人进行正畸干预是否有助于防止他们的牙齿受伤。通过使用各种功能性固定矫治器(牙套)或活动矫治器(牙板)在幼年时进行正畸治疗,可以帮助调整牙齿位置,使其处于更有利的位置,不易发生牙齿损伤。一份 Cochrane 综述报告得出结论:"为上前牙突出的儿童提供早期正畸治疗比在青春期提供一个疗程的正畸治疗更能有效减少切牙外伤的发生率"。Analia 和 Liu 得出结论:"为上前牙突出的儿童提供早期正畸治疗/两个阶段,比在青少年时期提供一个疗程的正畸治疗更能有效降低上前牙外伤(切牙外伤)的发生率"。Cobourne等人总结说:"虽然与晚期治疗相比,早期治疗并不会带来更好的整体效果,但如果认为牙齿外伤的风险确实增加了,或者儿童因为牙齿咬合过高而被取笑,就应该考虑尽早开始治疗。"因此,有可靠的科学证据支持通过正畸治疗进行早期干预,以降低牙齿位置不佳的儿童发生牙齿外伤的可能性。然而,家长和牙科医生在决定是否在孩子年幼时就开始正畸治疗时,还必须考虑许多其他因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) and the Academy for Sports Dentistry (ASD) guidelines for prevention of traumatic dental injuries: Part 7: Orthodontics for the prevention of dental and oral trauma

Many factors play a role in the cause of traumatic dental injuries (TDI). It is important for dentists to advise patients and their parents about the predisposing risk factors associated with some malocclusions. The vast majority of TDI occur in the maxillary anterior (upper front) teeth in young girls and boys. Two major factors that increase the risk of such injuries are an increased overjet (protruding upper teeth) and lip incompetence (lips do not close easily). Children with other conditions such as severe underbite, open bites, and crossbites are also more susceptible to TDI.

Consideration of these predisposing factors leads to the obvious question of whether orthodontic intervention for people with these conditions will help to prevent injuries to their teeth. Orthodontic treatment at an early age through the use of various functional fixed (braces) or removable (plates) appliances can help to reposition the teeth so that they are in a more favorable position and less susceptible to dental injuries.

Several scientific reviews have discussed this question. A Cochrane review concluded that “providing early orthodontic treatment for children with prominent upper front teeth is more effective for reducing the incidence of incisal trauma than providing one course of orthodontic treatment in adolescence.” Analia and Liu concluded “that providing early orthodontic treatment/two stages for children with prominent upper front teeth is more effective for reducing the incidence of upper front teeth trauma (incisal trauma) than providing one course of orthodontic treatment in adolescence.” Cobourne et al. concluded that “although early treatment does not result in improved overall outcomes when compared to later treatment, some consideration should be given to starting early when it is thought that there is a real increased risk of dental trauma or a child is being teased because of their overjet.”

Hence, there is sound scientific evidence to support early intervention through orthodontic treatment to reduce the likelihood of dental trauma in children whose teeth are in unfavorable positions. However, many other factors must also be considered by the parents and the treating dental practitioners when deciding whether to initiate orthodontic treatment at a young age.

All authors contributed to the development of this paper and approved its final form.

No funding was received for the presented work.

The authors declare there are no competing interests for the above manuscript.

No ethics approval was required for this paper.

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来源期刊
Dental Traumatology
Dental Traumatology 医学-牙科与口腔外科
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
32.00%
发文量
85
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Dental Traumatology is an international journal that aims to convey scientific and clinical progress in all areas related to adult and pediatric dental traumatology. This includes the following topics: - Epidemiology, Social Aspects, Education, Diagnostics - Esthetics / Prosthetics/ Restorative - Evidence Based Traumatology & Study Design - Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery/Transplant/Implant - Pediatrics and Orthodontics - Prevention and Sports Dentistry - Endodontics and Periodontal Aspects The journal"s aim is to promote communication among clinicians, educators, researchers, and others interested in the field of dental traumatology.
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