Beth A. Bailey, Haley Kopkau, Katherine Nadolski, Phoebe Dodge
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Impact of in utero tobacco exposure on fetal growth: Amount of exposure and second trimester fetal growth measurements
Background
Research reveals small and inconsistent findings linking prenatal tobacco exposure and early fetal growth, but failure to consider confounding and amount of exposure many explain inconsistencies.
Goal
To examine whether fetal growth effects following exposure to tobacco are evident in the second trimester, specific to certain growth parameters, and dose dependent.
Methods
Participants were pregnant women (64 smokers, 100 controls) with no other drug use. Available data included background/medical information and ultrasound measurements coded as percentiles.
Results
Controlling for background differences, 10+ cig/day predicted a 10+ percentile point reduction in estimated fetal weight, femur length, head circumference, and biparietal diameter compared to non-exposed controls. Exposure to <10 cig/day predicted significant reduction in only biparietal diameter. Exposure was unrelated to abdominal circumference.
Conclusions
Results demonstrate utility of considering amount of exposure when examining/quantifying fetal growth effects, and suggest even reduction in early pregnancy smoking may positively benefit aspects of fetal development.
期刊介绍：
Neurotoxicology and Teratology provides a forum for publishing new information regarding the effects of chemical and physical agents on the developing, adult or aging nervous system. In this context, the fields of neurotoxicology and teratology include studies of agent-induced alterations of nervous system function, with a focus on behavioral outcomes and their underlying physiological and neurochemical mechanisms. The Journal publishes original, peer-reviewed Research Reports of experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies that address the neurotoxicity and/or functional teratology of pesticides, solvents, heavy metals, nanomaterials, organometals, industrial compounds, mixtures, drugs of abuse, pharmaceuticals, animal and plant toxins, atmospheric reaction products, and physical agents such as radiation and noise. These reports include traditional mammalian neurotoxicology experiments, human studies, studies using non-mammalian animal models, and mechanistic studies in vivo or in vitro. Special Issues, Reviews, Commentaries, Meeting Reports, and Symposium Papers provide timely updates on areas that have reached a critical point of synthesis, on aspects of a scientific field undergoing rapid change, or on areas that present special methodological or interpretive problems. Theoretical Articles address concepts and potential mechanisms underlying actions of agents of interest in the nervous system. The Journal also publishes Brief Communications that concisely describe a new method, technique, apparatus, or experimental result.
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