Smadar Cohen-Chen, Rashpal K. Dhensa-Kahlon, Boaz Hameiri
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引用次数: 0
摘要
研究表明,颠覆性幽默可以通过直面人们的偏见来挑战现有的社会等级制度。在这些文献的基础上,我们假设幽默会同时产生两种相互抵消的心理机制:通过显示说话者的力量和激发效能来提高集体行动的积极性,以及通过减少对作为强势群体的男性的负面情绪来降低集体行动的积极性。我们在两个实验中检验了我们的假设,这两个实验都是在自我认同的女性中进行的。研究 1(N = 374)比较了喜剧演员的视频(颠覆性幽默 vs. 非幽默 vs. 无关幽默),研究 2(N = 224)使用了描述女性对工作场所性别歧视互动的反应的小故事(颠覆性幽默 vs. 非幽默 vs. 顺应反应)。颠覆性幽默(与非相关幽默/可接受回应相比)提高了群体效能感,进而增强了集体行动意向。同时,作为一种抵消机制,颠覆性幽默(与非幽默相比)减少了对男性的负面情绪,从而降低了集体行动意愿。我们的研究结果让人质疑幽默应对是否能有效激发女性观察者采取集体行动来促进性别平等,并强调有必要更深入地了解幽默作为促进平等行动的工具的作用。
Humorous Responses to Gender Injustice: The Contrasting Effects of Efficacy and Emotions on Women’s Collective Action Intentions
Research has shown that subversive humor may be used to challenge existing societal hierarchies by confronting people with prejudice. Expanding on this literature, we hypothesized that humor would create two simultaneous and offsetting psychological mechanisms: increasing collective action motivation by signaling speaker power and inspiring efficacy and decreasing collective action motivation by reducing negative emotions towards men as the powerful group. We tested our hypotheses in two experiments, conducted among self-identified women. Study 1 (N = 374) compared videos featuring a comedian (subversive humor vs. non-humor vs. unrelated humor) and Study 2 (N = 224) utilized vignettes depicting a woman’s response to a sexist workplace interaction (subversive humor vs. non-humor vs. amenable response). Subversive humor (vs. unrelated humor/amenable response) increased group efficacy and subsequently collective action intentions. Simultaneously, and as an offsetting mechanism, subversive humor (compared to non-humor) reduced negative emotions toward men and subsequently lowered collective action intentions. Our results call into question the efficaciousness of humor responses to inspire women observers toward collective action for gender equality and emphasize the need for a deeper understanding of humor as a tool to promote action for equality.
期刊介绍:
Sex Roles: A Journal of Research is a global, multidisciplinary, scholarly, social and behavioral science journal with a feminist perspective. It publishes original research reports as well as original theoretical papers and conceptual review articles that explore how gender organizes people’s lives and their surrounding worlds, including gender identities, belief systems, representations, interactions, relations, organizations, institutions, and statuses. The range of topics covered is broad and dynamic, including but not limited to the study of gendered attitudes, stereotyping, and sexism; gendered contexts, culture, and power; the intersections of gender with race, class, sexual orientation, age, and other statuses and identities; body image; violence; gender (including masculinities) and feminist identities; human sexuality; communication studies; work and organizations; gendered development across the life span or life course; mental, physical, and reproductive health and health care; sports; interpersonal relationships and attraction; activism and social change; economic, political, and legal inequities; and methodological challenges and innovations in doing gender research.