Shaila Akhter , Fangli Qiao , K M Azam Chowdhury , Xunqiang Yin , Md Kawser Ahmed
{"title":"模拟孟加拉湾北部超级气旋风暴安潘的上层海洋反应","authors":"Shaila Akhter , Fangli Qiao , K M Azam Chowdhury , Xunqiang Yin , Md Kawser Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102484","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lack of observational data in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) makes it challenging to investigate the upper oceanic responses to tropical cyclones. To overcome this challenge, a high-resolution Regional Ocean Model (ROMS) is set up with horizontal resolution of 0.03° × 0.03° and 50 vertical layers for the northern BoB, with the daily output of the First Institute of Oceanography surface wave-tide-circulation coupled ocean model (FIO-COM) as the boundary condition, and hourly ERA5 data as atmospheric forcings. This regional model is systematically validated and then utilized to reconstruct the upper ocean response due to the super cyclonic storm <em>Amphan</em> over the BoB from May 16 to 20, 2020. The upper ocean responses to <em>Amphan</em> in the northern BoB is well reconstructed with this regional model. On the right side of the cyclone track, sea surface temperature (SST) cooling (4 °C) and increased sea surface salinity (0.5 psu) are well reproduced. The primary oceanic triggering forces intensified the cyclone through the extraordinarily high SST (>31 °C) and deep isothermal layer depth. Tropical cyclone heat potential was high (over 100Kj cm<sup>−2</sup>) during the early stages of the cyclone, which aided the transformation of a depression into a super cyclonic storm. Vertical entrainment and horizontal advection had a major influence in the pronounced cooling within the mixed layer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 102484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385110124000170/pdfft?md5=d1f92946529397a828c32d1f1fb7e406&pid=1-s2.0-S1385110124000170-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Simulation of the upper oceanic response to the super cyclonic storm Amphan in the Northern Bay of Bengal\",\"authors\":\"Shaila Akhter , Fangli Qiao , K M Azam Chowdhury , Xunqiang Yin , Md Kawser Ahmed\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102484\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The lack of observational data in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) makes it challenging to investigate the upper oceanic responses to tropical cyclones. To overcome this challenge, a high-resolution Regional Ocean Model (ROMS) is set up with horizontal resolution of 0.03° × 0.03° and 50 vertical layers for the northern BoB, with the daily output of the First Institute of Oceanography surface wave-tide-circulation coupled ocean model (FIO-COM) as the boundary condition, and hourly ERA5 data as atmospheric forcings. This regional model is systematically validated and then utilized to reconstruct the upper ocean response due to the super cyclonic storm <em>Amphan</em> over the BoB from May 16 to 20, 2020. The upper ocean responses to <em>Amphan</em> in the northern BoB is well reconstructed with this regional model. On the right side of the cyclone track, sea surface temperature (SST) cooling (4 °C) and increased sea surface salinity (0.5 psu) are well reproduced. The primary oceanic triggering forces intensified the cyclone through the extraordinarily high SST (>31 °C) and deep isothermal layer depth. Tropical cyclone heat potential was high (over 100Kj cm<sup>−2</sup>) during the early stages of the cyclone, which aided the transformation of a depression into a super cyclonic storm. Vertical entrainment and horizontal advection had a major influence in the pronounced cooling within the mixed layer.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50056,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Sea Research\",\"volume\":\"198 \",\"pages\":\"Article 102484\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385110124000170/pdfft?md5=d1f92946529397a828c32d1f1fb7e406&pid=1-s2.0-S1385110124000170-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Sea Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385110124000170\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Sea Research","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385110124000170","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Simulation of the upper oceanic response to the super cyclonic storm Amphan in the Northern Bay of Bengal
The lack of observational data in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) makes it challenging to investigate the upper oceanic responses to tropical cyclones. To overcome this challenge, a high-resolution Regional Ocean Model (ROMS) is set up with horizontal resolution of 0.03° × 0.03° and 50 vertical layers for the northern BoB, with the daily output of the First Institute of Oceanography surface wave-tide-circulation coupled ocean model (FIO-COM) as the boundary condition, and hourly ERA5 data as atmospheric forcings. This regional model is systematically validated and then utilized to reconstruct the upper ocean response due to the super cyclonic storm Amphan over the BoB from May 16 to 20, 2020. The upper ocean responses to Amphan in the northern BoB is well reconstructed with this regional model. On the right side of the cyclone track, sea surface temperature (SST) cooling (4 °C) and increased sea surface salinity (0.5 psu) are well reproduced. The primary oceanic triggering forces intensified the cyclone through the extraordinarily high SST (>31 °C) and deep isothermal layer depth. Tropical cyclone heat potential was high (over 100Kj cm−2) during the early stages of the cyclone, which aided the transformation of a depression into a super cyclonic storm. Vertical entrainment and horizontal advection had a major influence in the pronounced cooling within the mixed layer.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Sea Research is an international and multidisciplinary periodical on marine research, with an emphasis on the functioning of marine ecosystems in coastal and shelf seas, including intertidal, estuarine and brackish environments. As several subdisciplines add to this aim, manuscripts are welcome from the fields of marine biology, marine chemistry, marine sedimentology and physical oceanography, provided they add to the understanding of ecosystem processes.