为什么宠物(猫/狗)过敏原免疫疗法(AIT)是一个如此有争议的话题? 当前观点和未来方向。

IF 2.6 Q2 ALLERGY
G Liccardi, M Martini, M B Bilò, L Cecchi, M Milanese, L Brussino, E Motta, P Rogliani
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:狗和猫是全世界最常见的宠物。在意大利,对猫和狗过敏的发病率分别为 16% 和 9%。过敏原提取物(尤其是狗的过敏原提取物)的标准化程度有限,这强调了成分解析诊断(CRD)对于准确诊断和随后过敏原免疫疗法(AIT)处方的重要性。然而,标准化程度低是导致传统 AIT、使用改良过敏原的 AIT 和淋巴内过敏原特异性免疫疗法 (ILAIT) 临床疗效不理想的主要原因。新出现的免疫学方法,尤其是用于控制猫的主要过敏原的方法,显示出良好的前景,但由于成本高昂(如在人类中使用抗 Fel d 1 单克隆抗体)或只针对自己动物产生的 Fel d 1(如对猫进行免疫以诱导针对 Fel d 1 的中和抗体,或在猫食中添加含有抗 Fel d 1 IgY 抗体的蛋制品)而受到阻碍。为了优化宠物与主人之间的关系,防止令人痛苦的 "强制驱离",必须进一步研究宠物过敏原的标准化、提高各种 AIT 方式的功效以及探索其他免疫学方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Why is pet (cat/dog) allergen immunotherapy (AIT) such a controversial topic? Current perspectives and future directions.

Summary: Dogs and cats are the most common pets worldwide. In Italy, the prevalence of allergic sensitization to cats and dogs is 16% and 9% respectively. The limited standardization of allergenic extracts, especially for dogs, emphasizes the importance of Component Resolved Diagnosis (CRD) for accurate diagnosis and subsequent prescription of allergen immunotherapy (AIT). However, this low standardization is the main factor contributing to the unsatisfactory clinical efficacy of traditional AIT, AIT with modified allergens, and intralymphatic allergen-specific immunotherapy (ILAIT). Emerging immunological approaches, particularly for controlling the primary cat allergen, show promise but are hindered by high costs (e.g., use of anti-Fel d 1 monoclonal antibodies in humans) or by exclusively targeting Fel d 1 produced by one's own animal (e.g., immunizing cats to induce neutralizing antibodies against Fel d 1 or including an egg product with anti Fel d 1 IgY antibodies in feline diet). Further studies are imperative for standardizing pet allergens, enhancing the efficacy of various AIT modalities, and exploring other immunological approaches, to optimize the relationship between pets and their owners and prevent distressing "forced removals".

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