复兴阿拉伯豹:利用历史数据绘制栖息地地图并为重新引入铺平道路

IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Luciano Atzeni , Amiyaal Ilany , Eli Geffen , Samuel A. Cushman , Żaneta Kaszta , David W. Macdonald
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引用次数: 0

摘要

上个世纪,阿拉伯豹(Panthera pardus nimr)的分布范围和种群数量急剧萎缩。对这种猫科动物的保护工作主要集中在圈养繁殖和确定重新引入的合适条件上。通过这项研究,我们解开了历史项圈和直接观察数据,以了解以色列和约旦河西岸(IWB)地区记录的最后一批金钱豹的空间利用情况。通过豹出没的数据集,我们描述了适宜栖息地的特征,评估了与阿拉伯豹的主要猎物努比亚山羊(Capra nubiana)的生态位重叠情况,并评估了它们在目前受保护栖息地的分布情况。我们采用面积校正密度核方法估算了家园范围,并通过多尺度生境建模研究了适宜的条件。根据所采用的时滞,种群的平均家园范围分别为 73.24 ± 47.91 平方公里和 77.46 ± 54.94 平方公里。对预测因子的生态响应突出了捕食者和猎物对相同栖息地特征的依赖性,表明它们占据着基本相同的壁龛。这些特征包括人烟稀少的沙漠环境中的崎岖地形条件和高植被指数,其中大部分位于保护区内。从几个指标来看,金钱豹和山羊的分布有很大程度的重叠。值得注意的是,这两个物种一半以上的潜在栖息地都在保护区和军事区内。鉴于阿拉伯豹和山羊对生态环境的要求相同,且分布高度一致,未来重新引入阿拉伯豹的重要一步将包括更好地了解山羊的数量,同时关注实施栖息地保护的实用性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reviving the Arabian leopard: Harnessing historical data to map habitat and pave the way for reintroduction

The Arabian leopard (Panthera pardus nimr) has experienced dramatic range and population contractions over the last century. Conservation efforts for this felid focused on captive breeding and identification of suitable conditions for reintroductions. With this study, we unravelled historical collaring and direct observations data to understand the spatial use of the last leopards recorded in the region of Israel and the West Bank (IWB). Through datasets of leopard occurrence, we characterised suitable habitats, assessed niche overlap with the Arabian leopard's main prey, the Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana), and evaluated their distributions with respect to currently protected habitats. We estimated home-ranges employing area-corrected density kernel methods and investigated suitable conditions through multiple scales habitat modelling. Average home ranges for the population were 73.24 ± 47.91 km2 and 77.46 ± 54.94 km2, depending on the time lag adopted. Ecological response to predictors highlighted reliance by both predator and prey on the same habitat characteristics, suggesting they occupied essentially identical niches. These characteristics were intermediately rugged topographic conditions and high indices of vegetation in scarcely populated desert environments, mostly encompassed within protected areas. The distribution of leopard and ibex overlapped substantially according to several metrics. Notably, more than half of potential habitat for both species is encompassed by protected areas and military zones. Given the coincidence in their ecological requirements, and highly congruent distributions, an important step towards future reintroduction of Arabian leopards will include gaining a better understanding of ibex populations, alongside attention to the practicality of enforcing habitat protection.

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来源期刊
Biological Conservation
Biological Conservation 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
3.40%
发文量
295
审稿时长
61 days
期刊介绍: Biological Conservation is an international leading journal in the discipline of conservation biology. The journal publishes articles spanning a diverse range of fields that contribute to the biological, sociological, and economic dimensions of conservation and natural resource management. The primary aim of Biological Conservation is the publication of high-quality papers that advance the science and practice of conservation, or which demonstrate the application of conservation principles for natural resource management and policy. Therefore it will be of interest to a broad international readership.
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