Transcriptional study of genes involved in the passage from teliospore to hyphae stage in the fungus Thecaphora frezii, the causal agent of peanut smut

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are among the most important leguminous crops in Argentina. During the growing season, they are frequently attacked by fungal diseases, including Thecaphora frezii. The spores of T. frezii are structures that confer resistance to this phytopathogen. The transition from teliospore to hypha is a characteristic process of some fungi, which is essential for completing their life cycle. Using the transcriptomes of teliospores and hyphae of T. frezii, we aimed to identify genes that were differentially expressed during this transition, and we found 134 up-regulated and 66 down-regulated genes, which would participate in different cellular processes such as: (a) cell cycle and DNA processing; (b) cell fate; (c) rescue, defense and cellular virulence; (d) detoxification by CYP450; (e) energy; (f) nutrient interaction and nutritional adaptation; (g) metabolism; (g) proteins with binding functions or cofactor requirements; (h) stress, cell differentiation and biogenesis of cell components; and (i) transport, cell communication and transcription. The identification of genes in T. frezii and their expression levels during different stages of differentiation could contribute to our understanding of the biological mechanisms in this fungus.