声学机器人:用于精确生物医学应用的智能声动力微型/纳米游泳器

IF 15.2 1区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Gege Wu , Wei Xian , Qing You , Jingjing Zhang , Xiaoyuan Chen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管过去几十年来纳米技术在生物医学领域取得了长足进步,但由于传输效率有限,要达到令人满意的治疗效果仍然十分困难。超声波可以提供深度穿透和可操控的驱动力,为微型/纳米潜水器提供有效的动力,且几乎不会造成伤害,为主动递送平台提供了一种新兴而迷人的替代方案。最近在新型制造、可控概念(如智能蜂群)和混合推进器的整合方面取得的进展促进了其在医疗应用中的功能和潜力。在这篇综述中,我们将总结超声推进微型/纳米机器人(在此称为 "声学机器人")的机制和类型,包括声学机器人与声场之间的相互作用、实际设计考虑因素(如组件、尺寸、形状)、合成方法、表面改性、可控行为以及与其他推进方法相结合时的优势。我们还重点介绍了功能性声学机器人的代表性生物医学应用,包括药物输送、侵入性手术、对周围生物环境的清除、细胞操作、检测和成像等。最后,我们讨论了声学机器人在生物医学应用中面临的挑战和前景。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

AcousticRobots: Smart acoustically powered micro-/nanoswimmers for precise biomedical applications

AcousticRobots: Smart acoustically powered micro-/nanoswimmers for precise biomedical applications

AcousticRobots: Smart acoustically powered micro-/nanoswimmers for precise biomedical applications

Although nanotechnology has evolutionarily progressed in biomedical field over the past decades, achieving satisfactory therapeutic effects remains difficult with limited delivery efficiency. Ultrasound could provide a deep penetration and maneuverable actuation to efficiently power micro-/nanoswimmers with little harm, offering an emerging and fascinating alternative to the active delivery platform. Recent advances in novel fabrication, controllable concepts like intelligent swarm and the integration of hybrid propulsions have promoted its function and potential for medical applications. In this review, we will summarize the mechanisms and types of ultrasonically propelled micro/nanorobots (termed here as “AcousticRobots”), including the interactions between AcousticRobots and acoustic field, practical design considerations (e.g., component, size, shape), the synthetic methods, surface modification, controllable behaviors, and the advantages when combined with other propulsion approaches. The representative biomedical applications of functional AcousticRobots are also highlighted, including drug delivery, invasive surgery, eradication on the surrounding bio-environment, cell manipulation, detection, and imaging, etc. We conclude by discussing the challenges and outlook of AcousticRobots in biomedical applications.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
28.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
294
审稿时长
15.1 weeks
期刊介绍: The aim of the Journal is to provide a forum for the critical analysis of advanced drug and gene delivery systems and their applications in human and veterinary medicine. The Journal has a broad scope, covering the key issues for effective drug and gene delivery, from administration to site-specific delivery. In general, the Journal publishes review articles in a Theme Issue format. Each Theme Issue provides a comprehensive and critical examination of current and emerging research on the design and development of advanced drug and gene delivery systems and their application to experimental and clinical therapeutics. The goal is to illustrate the pivotal role of a multidisciplinary approach to modern drug delivery, encompassing the application of sound biological and physicochemical principles to the engineering of drug delivery systems to meet the therapeutic need at hand. Importantly the Editorial Team of ADDR asks that the authors effectively window the extensive volume of literature, pick the important contributions and explain their importance, produce a forward looking identification of the challenges facing the field and produce a Conclusions section with expert recommendations to address the issues.
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