自述视力残疾与失业:全国健康访谈调查的结果。

IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q3 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Ophthalmic epidemiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-05 DOI:10.1080/09286586.2024.2310841
Kunal Kanwar, Curtis E Margo, Dustin D French
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:利用 2022 年全国健康访谈调查(NHIS)的数据,研究视力障碍与残疾导致的就业状况之间的关联:方法:从 2022 年全国健康访谈调查(NHIS)数据集中抽取 18 岁及以上的成年人。建立了一个多变量逻辑回归模型来评估失业("下岗 "和 "找工作")的几率。不包括 65 岁以上的人以及退休人员、在校学生、自营职业者、季节工或合同工。该模型的自变量包括性别、种族、西班牙裔、城市居民、教育程度、公民身份和自述视力。后一变量分为视力 "有些 "困难、"严重 "困难、"完全看不见 "和 "非常困难"。结果以几率比(OR)和 95% 置信区间(CI)表示:与失业相关的因素包括:高中以下教育程度(OR 6.05,95% CI:3.98-9.18)和高中教育程度(OR 3.80,95% CI 2.78-5.21);严重视力障碍(OR 3.68,95% CI 1.73-7.86);亚裔(OR 2.53,95% CI 1.64-3.89);以及黑人(OR 1.78,95% CI 1.31-2.41)。生活在大都市地区的人失业几率略高,而出生在美国则有一定的保护作用(OR 0.53,95% CI 0.42-0.66):结论:COVID-19 大流行后的调查显示,视力受损程度严重影响就业,这与历史研究结果一致。视力受损者的教育程度是一个重要的、可改变的变量,可对就业机会产生积极影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Self-Reported Visual Disability and Unemployment: Findings from the National Health Interview Survey.

Purpose: To investigate the association between visual impairment and employment status due to disability, utilizing data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

Methods: Adults 18 years of age and older were extracted from the 2022 NHIS dataset. A multivariable logistic regression model was created to evaluate the odds of unemployment ("laid off" and "looking for work"). Persons over the age of 65, as well as persons retired, going to school, self-employed, seasonal, or contract workers were excluded. Independent variables for the model included gender, race, Hispanic ethnicity, urban residency, level of education, citizenship, and self-reported vision. The latter variable was categorized as seeing with "some" difficulty, with "severe" difficulty, "can't see at all," and "a lot of difficulty." Outcomes were reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: Associations with unemployment included education less than high school (OR 6.05, 95% CI: 3.98-9.18) and high school (OR 3.80, 95% CI 2.78-5.21); severe vision difficulty (OR 3.68 95% CI 1.73-7.86); Asian race (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.64-3.89); and Black race (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.31-2.41). The odds of unemployment were marginally elevated for those living in large metropolitan areas, while being born in the United States had a modest protective effect (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.42-0.66).

Conclusion: The degree of visual impairment in this post-COVID-19 pandemic survey substantially affects employment, which is consistent with historical studies. Education among those with impaired vision is an important and modifiable variable that can positively influence the chances of employment.

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来源期刊
Ophthalmic epidemiology
Ophthalmic epidemiology 医学-眼科学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
5.60%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Ophthalmic Epidemiology is dedicated to the publication of original research into eye and vision health in the fields of epidemiology, public health and the prevention of blindness. Ophthalmic Epidemiology publishes editorials, original research reports, systematic reviews and meta-analysis articles, brief communications and letters to the editor on all subjects related to ophthalmic epidemiology. A broad range of topics is suitable, such as: evaluating the risk of ocular diseases, general and specific study designs, screening program implementation and evaluation, eye health care access, delivery and outcomes, therapeutic efficacy or effectiveness, disease prognosis and quality of life, cost-benefit analysis, biostatistical theory and risk factor analysis. We are looking to expand our engagement with reports of international interest, including those regarding problems affecting developing countries, although reports from all over the world potentially are suitable. Clinical case reports, small case series (not enough for a cohort analysis) articles and animal research reports are not appropriate for this journal.
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