Sean M Johnson-Bice, Chloé Warret Rodrigues, James D Roth
{"title":"犬科动物争夺苔原上的北极狐巢穴","authors":"Sean M Johnson-Bice, Chloé Warret Rodrigues, James D Roth","doi":"10.1002/fee.2706","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natal dens can be a limiting resource for canids on the Arctic tundra, as frozen ground inhibits easy burrow excavation during the spring. Near Churchill, Canada, tundra dens created by Arctic foxes (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>) have transformed into ecological hotspots (<i>Sci Rep</i> 2016; doi.org/10.1038/srep24020). However, while monitoring these dens for many years, we have observed that both red foxes (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and gray wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) are also competing for these sites.</p><p>In spring 2021, one den became the site of a fierce canid competition. The den figuratively switched “paws” between both fox species, first being occupied by a pair of red foxes from March through mid-April, then by a pair of Arctic foxes in May. But the return of a red fox in early June led to antagonism between the two fox species, pictured here. Simultaneously, during the volatile period of occupation by one or the other fox species, wolves regularly visited this den, with at least seven visits documented from mid-May to mid-June. On the day that the wolf photograph was captured, all three canid species were observed on camera at the same den within 6 hours of each other. Eventually, the red fox was the last observed canid using the den, despite aggressive defenses from the Arctic fox pair.</p><p>Arctic fox abundance in this area has declined steadily for several decades, largely due to climate-induced changes in prey availability and abundance (<i>Oecologia</i> 2023; doi.org/10.1007/s00442-023-05418-6). As climate change progresses, what will be the long-term fate of these Arctic fox–created hotspots? Antagonistic interactions like those pictured here may foreshadow a slow turnover of Arctic fox dens toward occupation by larger, more dominant competitors typically associated with patches of boreal forest at the low-Arctic tundra border.</p>","PeriodicalId":171,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2706","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Canid competition for Arctic fox dens on the tundra\",\"authors\":\"Sean M Johnson-Bice, Chloé Warret Rodrigues, James D Roth\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/fee.2706\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Natal dens can be a limiting resource for canids on the Arctic tundra, as frozen ground inhibits easy burrow excavation during the spring. Near Churchill, Canada, tundra dens created by Arctic foxes (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>) have transformed into ecological hotspots (<i>Sci Rep</i> 2016; doi.org/10.1038/srep24020). However, while monitoring these dens for many years, we have observed that both red foxes (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>) and gray wolves (<i>Canis lupus</i>) are also competing for these sites.</p><p>In spring 2021, one den became the site of a fierce canid competition. The den figuratively switched “paws” between both fox species, first being occupied by a pair of red foxes from March through mid-April, then by a pair of Arctic foxes in May. But the return of a red fox in early June led to antagonism between the two fox species, pictured here. Simultaneously, during the volatile period of occupation by one or the other fox species, wolves regularly visited this den, with at least seven visits documented from mid-May to mid-June. On the day that the wolf photograph was captured, all three canid species were observed on camera at the same den within 6 hours of each other. Eventually, the red fox was the last observed canid using the den, despite aggressive defenses from the Arctic fox pair.</p><p>Arctic fox abundance in this area has declined steadily for several decades, largely due to climate-induced changes in prey availability and abundance (<i>Oecologia</i> 2023; doi.org/10.1007/s00442-023-05418-6). As climate change progresses, what will be the long-term fate of these Arctic fox–created hotspots? Antagonistic interactions like those pictured here may foreshadow a slow turnover of Arctic fox dens toward occupation by larger, more dominant competitors typically associated with patches of boreal forest at the low-Arctic tundra border.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":171,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment\",\"volume\":\"22 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":10.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fee.2706\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fee.2706\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fee.2706","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Canid competition for Arctic fox dens on the tundra
Natal dens can be a limiting resource for canids on the Arctic tundra, as frozen ground inhibits easy burrow excavation during the spring. Near Churchill, Canada, tundra dens created by Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) have transformed into ecological hotspots (Sci Rep 2016; doi.org/10.1038/srep24020). However, while monitoring these dens for many years, we have observed that both red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) are also competing for these sites.
In spring 2021, one den became the site of a fierce canid competition. The den figuratively switched “paws” between both fox species, first being occupied by a pair of red foxes from March through mid-April, then by a pair of Arctic foxes in May. But the return of a red fox in early June led to antagonism between the two fox species, pictured here. Simultaneously, during the volatile period of occupation by one or the other fox species, wolves regularly visited this den, with at least seven visits documented from mid-May to mid-June. On the day that the wolf photograph was captured, all three canid species were observed on camera at the same den within 6 hours of each other. Eventually, the red fox was the last observed canid using the den, despite aggressive defenses from the Arctic fox pair.
Arctic fox abundance in this area has declined steadily for several decades, largely due to climate-induced changes in prey availability and abundance (Oecologia 2023; doi.org/10.1007/s00442-023-05418-6). As climate change progresses, what will be the long-term fate of these Arctic fox–created hotspots? Antagonistic interactions like those pictured here may foreshadow a slow turnover of Arctic fox dens toward occupation by larger, more dominant competitors typically associated with patches of boreal forest at the low-Arctic tundra border.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment is a publication by the Ecological Society of America that focuses on the significance of ecology and environmental science in various aspects of research and problem-solving. The journal covers topics such as biodiversity conservation, ecosystem preservation, natural resource management, public policy, and other related areas.
The publication features a range of content, including peer-reviewed articles, editorials, commentaries, letters, and occasional special issues and topical series. It releases ten issues per year, excluding January and July. ESA members receive both print and electronic copies of the journal, while institutional subscriptions are also available.
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment is highly regarded in the field, as indicated by its ranking in the 2021 Journal Citation Reports by Clarivate Analytics. The journal is ranked 4th out of 174 in ecology journals and 11th out of 279 in environmental sciences journals. Its impact factor for 2021 is reported as 13.789, which further demonstrates its influence and importance in the scientific community.