Gianni Belcaro, Mark Dugall, Morio Hosoi, Beatrice Feragalli, Roberto Cotellese, Aristide Saggino, Maria Rosaria Cesarone, Edmondo Ippolito, Umberto Cornelli, Andrea Ledda, David B Cox
{"title":"Pycnogenol® 可改善中风后患者的认知功能：一项为期6个月的研究。","authors":"Gianni Belcaro, Mark Dugall, Morio Hosoi, Beatrice Feragalli, Roberto Cotellese, Aristide Saggino, Maria Rosaria Cesarone, Edmondo Ippolito, Umberto Cornelli, Andrea Ledda, David B Cox","doi":"10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05855-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This pilot study in post-stroke patients evaluated the effects of supplementation with Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> on alterations in cognitive functions (COFU) over a period of 6 months, starting 4 weeks after the stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of supplementation - possibly acting on residual brain edema, on global cognitive function, attention and on mental performance - were studied. A control group used standard management (SM) and the other group added Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup>, 150 mg daily to SM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>38 post-stroke patients completed the 6-month-study, 20 in the Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> group and 18 in the control group. No side effects were observed with the supplement. The tolerability was very good. The patients included into the two groups were comparable for age, sex and clinical distribution. There were 2 dropouts in the control group, due to non-medical problems. Main COFU parameters (assessed by a cognitive questionnaire) were significantly improved (all single items) with the supplement compared to controls (P<0.05). Additional observations indicate that Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> patients experienced significantly less mini-accidents (including falls) than controls (P<0.05). The incidences of (minor) psychotic episodes or conflicts and distress and other problems including rare occurrence of minor hallucinations, were lower with the supplementation than in controls (P<0.05). Single observations concerning daily tasks indicated a better effect of Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> compared to controls (P<0.05). Plasma free radicals also decreased significantly with the supplement in comparison to controls (P<0.05). Globally, supplemented subjects had a better recovery than controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In post-stroke subjects, Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> supplementation resulted in better recovery outcome and faster COFU 'normalization' after the stroke in comparison with SM; it can be considered a safe, manageable post-stroke, adjuvant management possibly reducing local brain edema. Nevertheless, more patients and a longer period of evaluation are needed to confirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":16504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Pycnogenol® improves cognitive function in post-stroke patients: a 6 month-study.\",\"authors\":\"Gianni Belcaro, Mark Dugall, Morio Hosoi, Beatrice Feragalli, Roberto Cotellese, Aristide Saggino, Maria Rosaria Cesarone, Edmondo Ippolito, Umberto Cornelli, Andrea Ledda, David B Cox\",\"doi\":\"10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05855-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This pilot study in post-stroke patients evaluated the effects of supplementation with Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> on alterations in cognitive functions (COFU) over a period of 6 months, starting 4 weeks after the stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of supplementation - possibly acting on residual brain edema, on global cognitive function, attention and on mental performance - were studied. A control group used standard management (SM) and the other group added Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup>, 150 mg daily to SM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>38 post-stroke patients completed the 6-month-study, 20 in the Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> group and 18 in the control group. No side effects were observed with the supplement. The tolerability was very good. The patients included into the two groups were comparable for age, sex and clinical distribution. There were 2 dropouts in the control group, due to non-medical problems. Main COFU parameters (assessed by a cognitive questionnaire) were significantly improved (all single items) with the supplement compared to controls (P<0.05). Additional observations indicate that Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> patients experienced significantly less mini-accidents (including falls) than controls (P<0.05). The incidences of (minor) psychotic episodes or conflicts and distress and other problems including rare occurrence of minor hallucinations, were lower with the supplementation than in controls (P<0.05). Single observations concerning daily tasks indicated a better effect of Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> compared to controls (P<0.05). Plasma free radicals also decreased significantly with the supplement in comparison to controls (P<0.05). Globally, supplemented subjects had a better recovery than controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In post-stroke subjects, Pycnogenol<sup>®</sup> supplementation resulted in better recovery outcome and faster COFU 'normalization' after the stroke in comparison with SM; it can be considered a safe, manageable post-stroke, adjuvant management possibly reducing local brain edema. Nevertheless, more patients and a longer period of evaluation are needed to confirm these results.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16504,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of neurosurgical sciences\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of neurosurgical sciences\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05855-6\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of neurosurgical sciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.23736/S0390-5616.22.05855-6","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Pycnogenol® improves cognitive function in post-stroke patients: a 6 month-study.
Background: This pilot study in post-stroke patients evaluated the effects of supplementation with Pycnogenol® on alterations in cognitive functions (COFU) over a period of 6 months, starting 4 weeks after the stroke.
Methods: The effects of supplementation - possibly acting on residual brain edema, on global cognitive function, attention and on mental performance - were studied. A control group used standard management (SM) and the other group added Pycnogenol®, 150 mg daily to SM.
Results: 38 post-stroke patients completed the 6-month-study, 20 in the Pycnogenol® group and 18 in the control group. No side effects were observed with the supplement. The tolerability was very good. The patients included into the two groups were comparable for age, sex and clinical distribution. There were 2 dropouts in the control group, due to non-medical problems. Main COFU parameters (assessed by a cognitive questionnaire) were significantly improved (all single items) with the supplement compared to controls (P<0.05). Additional observations indicate that Pycnogenol® patients experienced significantly less mini-accidents (including falls) than controls (P<0.05). The incidences of (minor) psychotic episodes or conflicts and distress and other problems including rare occurrence of minor hallucinations, were lower with the supplementation than in controls (P<0.05). Single observations concerning daily tasks indicated a better effect of Pycnogenol® compared to controls (P<0.05). Plasma free radicals also decreased significantly with the supplement in comparison to controls (P<0.05). Globally, supplemented subjects had a better recovery than controls.
Conclusions: In post-stroke subjects, Pycnogenol® supplementation resulted in better recovery outcome and faster COFU 'normalization' after the stroke in comparison with SM; it can be considered a safe, manageable post-stroke, adjuvant management possibly reducing local brain edema. Nevertheless, more patients and a longer period of evaluation are needed to confirm these results.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences publishes scientific papers on neurosurgery and related subjects (electroencephalography, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropathology, stereotaxy, neuroanatomy, neuroradiology, etc.). Manuscripts may be submitted in the form of ditorials, original articles, review articles, special articles, letters to the Editor and guidelines. The journal aims to provide its readers with papers of the highest quality and impact through a process of careful peer review and editorial work.
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