社论要点。

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY
Paul A. Trainor
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This meeting report describes the latest advances in cell biology and differentiation, mechanobiology, evolution and regeneration, genomics and disease, as well as development of new tools, ensuring <i>Xenopus</i> will remain a cornerstone in diverse areas of biological research.</p><p><b>Neurobiology of Wound Healing and Regeneration</b>. “Neural dependency in wound healing and regeneration” by Alexandra Noble, Rozana Qubrosi, Solsa Cariba, Kayla Favaro, and Samantha Payne, <i>Dev Dyn</i> 253:2, pp. 181-203. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.650. Following injury, tissue repair may involve fibrosis and scarring, or regeneration and the restoration of normal architecture and function. In the animal kingdom, despite a bias for tissue repair rather than regeneration, a growing body of evidence supports the crucial role of innervation in tissue repair and regeneration. In fact, peripheral nerves are involved in almost all aspects, including re-epithelialization, extracellular matrix remodeling, blastema formation, and organ regeneration. This review evaluates the current state of our knowledge and understanding of the roles of peripheral nerves in various types of wound healing and regeneration, and the need to bridge the gap between basic findings and translational work. A combination of new tools, techniques, and data available to study nerve dependency has set the stage for novel discovery and advances in the neurobiology of wound healing and regeneration.</p><p><b>Skeletal Development</b>. “Vertebral pattern and morphology is determined during embryonic segmentation” by Kevin Serra, Christina Vyzas, Sarah Shehreen, Iris Chipendo, Katherine Clifford, Daniel Youngstrom, and Stephen Devoto, <i>Dev Dyn</i> 253:2, pp. 204-214. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.649. Vertebrates are named for the repeated pattern of segmented bones, vertebrae, that constitute their vertebral column, and the relationship between segmented vertebra and muscle in adults is well known. This spatial periodicity and organization is established by paired segments of paraxial mesoderm known as somites, during embryogenesis, and defects in embryonic segmentation result in disorders of the spine. This study reveals that heat stress and misregulation of segmentation genes during embryogenesis, transiently disrupts the formation and spacing of segment borders, which are critical for determining the length of vertebrae, as well as the position of fusions and divisions between adjacent vertebrae and ribs. Disrupting segment borders subsequently manifest as vertebral anomalies that persist through adulthood.</p><p><b>Extracellular Matrix and Organogenesis</b>. “Multi-organ phenotypes in mice lacking Latent TGFb Binding Protein 2 (LTBP2)” by Nicholas Bodmer, Russell Knutsen, Robyn Roth, Ryan Castile, Michael Brodt, Carrie Gierasch, Thomas Broekelmann, Mark Gibson, Jeffrey Haspel, Spencer Lake, Steven Brody, Matthew Silva, Robert Mecham, and David Ornitz, <i>Dev Dyn</i> 253:2, pp. 233-254. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.651. The extracellular matrix (ECM) comprises a complex network of proteins and macromolecules that provide cells and tissues with structure, while also underpinning their strength and elasticity. Microfibrils are a critical component of the ECM, as they function both as a scaffold and binding partner for other matrix proteins, but they also sequester and store growth factors, particularly of the TGFβ superfamily. This study focuses on latent transforming growth factor β binding proteins and primarily LBTP2, which is broadly expressed throughout mammalian embryo development. The authors generated a new <i>Ltbp2</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> mouse model, which survives into adulthood but exhibits weakened ciliary zonule fibers, which erupt over time, leading to ectopia lentis, or displacement of the lens. Human mutations in <i>LTBP2</i> are associated with primary congenital glaucoma, microspherophakia, and a recessive form of Weill–Marchesani syndrome (type 3), and this study proposes that LTBP2 may have yet unidentified roles in tissue repair or regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11247,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Dynamics","volume":"253 2","pages":"180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dvdy.696","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Editorial highlights\",\"authors\":\"Paul A. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

每种生物都是了解发育、进化、疾病和再生的模式生物,而我们对调控这些生物过程的跨学科遗传、分子、细胞和发育机制的研究才刚刚起步。这些 "亮点 "介绍了《发育生物学》最近报道的令人振奋的进展,说明了发育生物学的复杂动态。"第 19 届国际章鱼大会会议报告:最新进展和未来展望",作者:Coral Zhou 和 Saurabh Kulkarni,Dev Dyn 253:2,第 272-276 页。https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.693。非洲爪蛙是建立发育生物学关键原理的基础。本次会议报告介绍了细胞生物学和分化、机械生物学、进化和再生、基因组学和疾病以及新工具开发等方面的最新进展,确保章鱼继续成为生物研究各个领域的基石。"伤口愈合和再生的神经依赖性",作者:Alexandra Noble、Rozana Qubrosi、Solsa Cariba、Kayla Favaro 和 Samantha Payne,Dev Dyn 253:2,第 181-203 页。https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.650。受伤后,组织修复可能涉及纤维化和结疤,也可能涉及再生和恢复正常结构和功能。在动物界,尽管人们倾向于组织修复而非再生,但越来越多的证据支持神经支配在组织修复和再生中的关键作用。事实上,外周神经几乎参与了所有方面,包括再上皮化、细胞外基质重塑、囊泡形成和器官再生。这篇综述评估了我们对周围神经在各类伤口愈合和再生中的作用的认识和理解现状,以及弥合基础研究结果和转化工作之间差距的必要性。研究神经依赖性的新工具、新技术和新数据的结合,为伤口愈合和再生的神经生物学的新发现和新进展奠定了基础。Kevin Serra、Christina Vyzas、Sarah Shehreen、Iris Chipendo、Katherine Clifford、Daniel Youngstrom 和 Stephen Devoto 的 "脊椎模式和形态是在胚胎分节过程中决定的",Dev Dyn 253:2,第 204-214 页。https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.649。脊椎动物因其构成脊椎柱的分节骨骼(椎骨)的重复模式而得名,而分节椎骨与成年人肌肉之间的关系也是众所周知的。这种空间周期性和组织性是在胚胎发育过程中由被称为体节的成对的副轴中胚层节段建立起来的,胚胎节段的缺陷导致脊柱紊乱。这项研究揭示,胚胎发育过程中的热应力和分割基因的错误调控会暂时破坏节段边界的形成和间距,而节段边界对于决定椎骨的长度以及相邻椎骨和肋骨之间的融合和分割位置至关重要。破坏节段边界会导致脊椎异常,这种异常会持续到成年。Nicholas Bodmer、Russell Knutsen、Robyn Roth、Ryan Castile、Michael Brodt、Carrie Gierasch、Thomas Broekelmann、Mark Gibson、Jeffrey Haspel、Spencer Lake、Steven Brody、Matthew Silva、Robert Mecham 和 David Ornitz 的 "缺乏潜伏 TGFb 结合蛋白 2 (LTBP2) 的小鼠的多器官表型",Dev Dyn 253:2,第 233-254 页。https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.651。细胞外基质(ECM)由复杂的蛋白质和大分子网络组成,为细胞和组织提供结构,同时也是其强度和弹性的基础。微纤维是 ECM 的重要组成部分,因为它们既是其他基质蛋白的支架和结合伙伴,又能封存和储存生长因子,尤其是 TGFβ 超家族的生长因子。这项研究的重点是潜伏转化生长因子β结合蛋白,主要是在哺乳动物胚胎发育过程中广泛表达的 LBTP2。作者建立了一个新的 Ltbp2-/-小鼠模型,该模型能存活到成年,但表现出睫状体带纤维的减弱,随着时间的推移,睫状体带纤维会逐渐断裂,导致晶状体外翻或晶状体移位。人类 LTBP2 基因突变与原发性先天性青光眼、小球海绵体视网膜病变和隐性形式的魏尔-马尔切萨尼综合征(3 型)有关,本研究认为 LTBP2 可能在组织修复或再生方面具有尚未确定的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Editorial highlights

Every organism is a model organism for understanding development, evolution, disease, and regeneration, and we have only begun to scratch the surface of the interdisciplinary genetic, molecular, cellular, and developmental mechanisms that regulate these biological processes. These “Highlights” denote exciting advances recently reported in Developmental Dynamics that illustrate the complex dynamics of developmental biology.

Xenopus Biology. “19th International Xenopus Conference Meeting Report: Latest Developments and Future Perspectives” by Coral Zhou and Saurabh Kulkarni, Dev Dyn 253:2, pp. 272-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.693. The African clawed frog, Xenopus, has been foundational for establishing key principles in developmental biology. This meeting report describes the latest advances in cell biology and differentiation, mechanobiology, evolution and regeneration, genomics and disease, as well as development of new tools, ensuring Xenopus will remain a cornerstone in diverse areas of biological research.

Neurobiology of Wound Healing and Regeneration. “Neural dependency in wound healing and regeneration” by Alexandra Noble, Rozana Qubrosi, Solsa Cariba, Kayla Favaro, and Samantha Payne, Dev Dyn 253:2, pp. 181-203. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.650. Following injury, tissue repair may involve fibrosis and scarring, or regeneration and the restoration of normal architecture and function. In the animal kingdom, despite a bias for tissue repair rather than regeneration, a growing body of evidence supports the crucial role of innervation in tissue repair and regeneration. In fact, peripheral nerves are involved in almost all aspects, including re-epithelialization, extracellular matrix remodeling, blastema formation, and organ regeneration. This review evaluates the current state of our knowledge and understanding of the roles of peripheral nerves in various types of wound healing and regeneration, and the need to bridge the gap between basic findings and translational work. A combination of new tools, techniques, and data available to study nerve dependency has set the stage for novel discovery and advances in the neurobiology of wound healing and regeneration.

Skeletal Development. “Vertebral pattern and morphology is determined during embryonic segmentation” by Kevin Serra, Christina Vyzas, Sarah Shehreen, Iris Chipendo, Katherine Clifford, Daniel Youngstrom, and Stephen Devoto, Dev Dyn 253:2, pp. 204-214. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.649. Vertebrates are named for the repeated pattern of segmented bones, vertebrae, that constitute their vertebral column, and the relationship between segmented vertebra and muscle in adults is well known. This spatial periodicity and organization is established by paired segments of paraxial mesoderm known as somites, during embryogenesis, and defects in embryonic segmentation result in disorders of the spine. This study reveals that heat stress and misregulation of segmentation genes during embryogenesis, transiently disrupts the formation and spacing of segment borders, which are critical for determining the length of vertebrae, as well as the position of fusions and divisions between adjacent vertebrae and ribs. Disrupting segment borders subsequently manifest as vertebral anomalies that persist through adulthood.

Extracellular Matrix and Organogenesis. “Multi-organ phenotypes in mice lacking Latent TGFb Binding Protein 2 (LTBP2)” by Nicholas Bodmer, Russell Knutsen, Robyn Roth, Ryan Castile, Michael Brodt, Carrie Gierasch, Thomas Broekelmann, Mark Gibson, Jeffrey Haspel, Spencer Lake, Steven Brody, Matthew Silva, Robert Mecham, and David Ornitz, Dev Dyn 253:2, pp. 233-254. https://doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.651. The extracellular matrix (ECM) comprises a complex network of proteins and macromolecules that provide cells and tissues with structure, while also underpinning their strength and elasticity. Microfibrils are a critical component of the ECM, as they function both as a scaffold and binding partner for other matrix proteins, but they also sequester and store growth factors, particularly of the TGFβ superfamily. This study focuses on latent transforming growth factor β binding proteins and primarily LBTP2, which is broadly expressed throughout mammalian embryo development. The authors generated a new Ltbp2−/− mouse model, which survives into adulthood but exhibits weakened ciliary zonule fibers, which erupt over time, leading to ectopia lentis, or displacement of the lens. Human mutations in LTBP2 are associated with primary congenital glaucoma, microspherophakia, and a recessive form of Weill–Marchesani syndrome (type 3), and this study proposes that LTBP2 may have yet unidentified roles in tissue repair or regeneration.

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来源期刊
Developmental Dynamics
Developmental Dynamics 生物-发育生物学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
8.00%
发文量
116
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Developmental Dynamics, is an official publication of the American Association for Anatomy. This peer reviewed journal provides an international forum for publishing novel discoveries, using any model system, that advances our understanding of development, morphology, form and function, evolution, disease, stem cells, repair and regeneration.
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