Contact Zone Changes in Cutting Alloys in the Presence of Oxygen-Containing Lubricants and Coolants

Microcapsules consisting of only a gelatin shell, a gelatin shell with magnetite, and a gelatin shell filled with ozonated water (ozonated water in the microcapsule core was adsorbed by activated carbon), a gelatin shell treated with ozone, a gelatin shell with ozone-treated magnetite, and a gelatin shell containing magnetite and ozonated water were obtained by simple coacervation method. The effectiveness of using aqueous emulsions of the shells as production lubricants and coolants during cutting in turning operations on a 16K20 screw-cutting lathe using side cutters made of high-speed R6M5 steel was investigated. The set of processed materials included 12Kh18N10Т stainless steel, 40Kh chromium steel, and VT5-1 and VT-6 titanium alloys. The introduction of ozone into the composition of microcapsules is shown to increase the period of normal wear of the cutting tool. In addition, the duration of the initial wear-out period increases. It was revealed that the wear resistance of cutting tools increased most strongly if microcapsules with gelatin shells filled with magnetite and ozonated water are used. The increase in the wear resistance of a cutting tool can be explained by the formation of lubricant films at the interface between the tool and the material being processed; the films may include metal polymers and complex compounds of atomic iron, covering surface irregularities that are sterically inaccessible to metal polymers. Based on this hypothesis, an approach has been proposed, which enables predicting the potential effectiveness of production lubricants and coolants using quantum chemistry methods.