The influence of agroclimatic conditions on buckwheat yield formation in the Republic of Tatarstan from 2000 to 2022

The studies were carried out in order to study the impact of meteorological conditions on the yield of buckwheat in the Republic of Tatarstan in the period 2000-2022. The dynamics of buckwheat yield from 2000 to 2022 was considered, the average yield was equal to 10,5 c/ha. The range of yield fluctuations in the study years turned out to be 13,0 c/ha. The highest yield was recorded in 2008, when humidification conditions were favorable for the development of buckwheat plants, while the minimum figure was recorded in 2010 due to lack of precipitation and high temperature tension, which negatively affected the growth, flowering and maturation of the crop. To assess the dynamics of buckwheat yield development over time, indicators characterizing the dynamics of time series were analyzed. During the study period, variable dynamics of buckwheat yield was observed in the Republic of Tatarstan. The maximum increase was in 2011 compared to the previous year and amounted to 9,6c/ha, which is an increase of 355,6 %. The highest yield rates were recorded in 2011 and 2022 – 455,6 % and 226,9 %, respectively. The minimum rates of buckwheat yield in Tatarstan were noted in 2010 (22,7 %), 2021 (55,3 %) and 2018 (68,2 %). Air temperatures of the month of May, June and July during the periods 2000-2010 and 2011-2022 were compared. It was found that in the period 2011-2022 the average air temperature of the months considered is 0.8-1.0 °C higher than in 2011-2022. Analysis of the correlation of yield with the main meteorological indicators showed that air temperatures in June and July and precipitation in June play an important role for high yields.