Nursing Protocol: Management of Older and Oldest-Old Patients Living with Frailty Syndrome in the Perioperative Period

In this article, the authors discuss the principles of perioperative management of patients in the older age group with frailty syndrome. Most patients with frailty syndrome have several chronic diseases; associations of  frailty with cardiovascular diseases are known — arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, as well as with diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, diseases of the joints and lower respiratory tract, oncological diseases, which causes a higher risk of  complications in  the postoperative period and requires a  special approach in  the perioperative period. This protocol addresses the issues of preventing complications and preserving the patient’s autonomy after surgical treatment.