伊朗亚兹德农村中心母乳中黄曲霉毒素 M1 和赭曲霉毒素 A 的测定：暴露评估和风险特征描述。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 MYCOLOGY

Mycotoxin Research Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI:10.1007/s12550-024-00519-4

Zeinab Rezaei, Siavash Hamzeh Pour, Parya Ezati, Fateme Akrami-Mohajeri

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引用次数: 0

摘要

母乳（BM）被认为是最好的营养来源，对婴儿最初几年的各种疾病有预防作用。除营养成分外，母乳中的污染物（如霉菌毒素）也可能传播给新生儿。本研究旨在确定伊朗亚兹德农村中心哺乳期母亲血液样本中黄曲霉毒素 M1（AFM1）和赭曲霉毒素 a（OTA）的发生率、含量以及相关因素。采用竞争性酶联免疫吸附法测定了 72 份血液样本中 AFM1 和 OTA 的含量和平均浓度。通过问卷调查收集了哺乳期母亲的人口统计学和饮食参数，并使用 SPSS 18 软件进行了分析。63份（87.5%）和47份（65.2%）样本中检测到了AFM1和OTA，平均浓度水平分别为19.46 ± 13.26 ng/L（范围在5.1至53.9之间）和200 ± 160 ng/L（范围在100至2460之间）。其中，32 个样本（50.7%）的 AFM1 和 23 个样本（48.9%）的 OTA 含量超出欧盟规定的婴儿食品限值（AFM1 为 25 纳克/升，OTA 为 500 纳克/升）。研究还发现，食用豆类、面包、谷物、果汁和饼干以及奶油，血液中出现 AFM1 和 OTA 的风险分别会显著增加。这项研究显示，1 个月大婴儿的 AFM1 和 OTA 每日估计摄入量分别为 2.7 纳克/千克体重和 28.5 纳克/千克体重，而随着婴儿年龄的增长，其摄入量则有所下降，12 个月大婴儿的 AFM1 和 OTA 每日摄入量分别接近 0.9 纳克/千克体重和 9.9 纳克/千克体重。本研究检测到的 AFM1 和 OTA 含量较高且水平明显，这表明有些婴儿通过母乳摄入了不适当的 AFM1 和 OTA。因此，建议母亲在怀孕和哺乳期间避免食用某些可能含有霉菌毒素的食物。

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Determination of aflatoxin M₁ and ochratoxin A in breast milk in rural centers of Yazd, Iran: Exposure assessment and risk characterization.

Breast milk (BM) is considered as the best source of nutrition which could have prevention effects on various diseases in the first years of a child. Along with nutritive compounds, presence of contaminants such as mycotoxins in BM could be transmitted into neonate. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence, levels, and factors associated with the presence of aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) and ocratoxin a (OTA) in BM samples of nursing mothers in rural centers of Yazd, Iran. The presence and average AFM₁ and OTA concentration in 72 BM samples was measured by competitive ELISA. The demographic and diet parameters of nursing mothers were collected by a questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS 18 software. AFM₁ and OTA were detected in 63 (87.5%) and 47 (65.2%) samples with the mean concentration levels of 19.46 ± 13.26 ng/L (ranges from 5.1 to 53.9) and 200 ± 160 ng/L (ranges from 100 to 2460), respectively. Of these, 32 samples (50.7%) for AFM₁ and 23 samples (48.9%) for OTA had values exceeding the limit set by the European Union regulation for infant foods (25 ng/L for AFM₁ and 500 ng/L for OTA). It was also found that the risk of AFM₁ and OTA occurrence in BM increased significantly with the consumption of beans, bread, cereals, fruit juice and crackers, and cream, respectively. This study showed that the estimated daily intake for AFM₁ and OTA by 1 month of age infants was 2.7 and 28.5 ng/kg bw/day, respectively, while, as the age of the infant increased, the values were lower and close to 0.9 and 9.9 ng/kg bw/day for AFM1 and OTA in 12 months of age infants, respectively. The high occurrence and noticeable levels of AFM₁ and OTA detected in this study indicated that some infants receive undesirable exposures to AFM₁ and OTA with breast milk. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers are advised to avoid certain foods during pregnancy and breastfeeding that are likely sources of mycotoxins.

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来源期刊

Mycotoxin Research MYCOLOGYTOXICOLOGY-TOXICOLOGY

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

6.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Mycotoxin Research, the official publication of the Society for Mycotoxin Research, is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal dealing with all aspects related to toxic fungal metabolites. The journal publishes original research articles and reviews in all areas dealing with mycotoxins. As an interdisciplinary platform, Mycotoxin Research welcomes submission of scientific contributions in the following research fields: - Ecology and genetics of mycotoxin formation - Mode of action of mycotoxins, metabolism and toxicology - Agricultural production and mycotoxins - Human and animal health aspects, including exposure studies and risk assessment - Food and feed safety, including occurrence, prevention, regulatory aspects, and control of mycotoxins - Environmental safety and technology-related aspects of mycotoxins - Chemistry, synthesis and analysis.