{"title":"用于口腔癌检测的唾液生物标记物:人类 DNA 和 RNA 分析的启示。","authors":"Archana Navale, Atharva Deshpande","doi":"10.2174/0118715257269271231201094946","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral cancer is a significant global health concern, with a high mortality rate mainly due to late-stage diagnosis. Early detection plays a critical role in improving patient outcomes, highlighting the need for non-invasive and accessible screening methods. Salivary biomarkers have emerged as a promising avenue for oral cancer detection, leveraging advancements in human DNA and RNA analysis. Several DNA-based biomarkers, such as genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and epigenetic alterations, have shown promise in detecting oral cancer at various stages. Likewise, RNA-based biomarkers, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and messenger RNAs, have demonstrated potential for diagnosing oral cancer and predicting treatment outcomes. The integration of high-throughput sequencing technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and transcriptomic profiling, has enabled the identification of novel biomarkers and provided deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying oral cancer development and progression. Despite the promising results, challenges remain in standardizing sample collection, establishing robust biomarker panels, and validating their clinical utility. Nevertheless, salivary biomarkers hold great promise as a non-invasive, cost-effective, and accessible approach for oral cancer detection, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes through early diagnosis and intervention. The analysis of genetic material obtained from saliva offers several advantages, including ease of collection, non-invasiveness, and the potential for repeated sampling. Furthermore, saliva reflects the physiological and pathological status of the oral cavity, making it an ideal source for biomarker discovery and validation. This article presents a comprehensive review of the current research on salivary biomarkers for oral cancer detection, focusing on insights gained from human DNA and RNA analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93924,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Salivary Biomarkers for Oral Cancer Detection: Insights from Human DNA and RNA Analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Archana Navale, Atharva Deshpande\",\"doi\":\"10.2174/0118715257269271231201094946\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Oral cancer is a significant global health concern, with a high mortality rate mainly due to late-stage diagnosis. 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Despite the promising results, challenges remain in standardizing sample collection, establishing robust biomarker panels, and validating their clinical utility. Nevertheless, salivary biomarkers hold great promise as a non-invasive, cost-effective, and accessible approach for oral cancer detection, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes through early diagnosis and intervention. The analysis of genetic material obtained from saliva offers several advantages, including ease of collection, non-invasiveness, and the potential for repeated sampling. Furthermore, saliva reflects the physiological and pathological status of the oral cavity, making it an ideal source for biomarker discovery and validation. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
口腔癌是全球关注的重大健康问题,死亡率高主要是由于晚期诊断所致。早期检测在改善患者预后方面起着至关重要的作用,这就凸显了对非侵入性和可获得性筛查方法的需求。唾液生物标记物利用人类 DNA 和 RNA 分析技术的进步,已成为口腔癌检测的一个有前途的途径。一些基于 DNA 的生物标记物,如基因突变、染色体畸变和表观遗传学改变,已显示出在不同阶段检测口腔癌的前景。同样,基于 RNA 的生物标志物,包括微 RNA、长非编码 RNA 和信使 RNA,也显示出诊断口腔癌和预测治疗效果的潜力。下一代测序和转录组分析等高通量测序技术的整合使新型生物标志物的鉴定成为可能,并为口腔癌的发生和发展的分子机制提供了更深入的见解。尽管取得了令人鼓舞的成果,但在样本采集标准化、建立健全的生物标志物面板以及验证其临床效用方面仍存在挑战。尽管如此,唾液生物标志物作为一种非侵入性、经济高效且易于获取的口腔癌检测方法,仍具有广阔的前景,最终可通过早期诊断和干预改善患者的预后。对从唾液中获取的遗传物质进行分析具有多种优势,包括易于收集、无创伤以及可重复采样。此外,唾液还能反映口腔的生理和病理状态,是发现和验证生物标记物的理想来源。本文全面回顾了目前用于口腔癌检测的唾液生物标记物研究,重点介绍了从人类 DNA 和 RNA 分析中获得的见解。
Salivary Biomarkers for Oral Cancer Detection: Insights from Human DNA and RNA Analysis.
Oral cancer is a significant global health concern, with a high mortality rate mainly due to late-stage diagnosis. Early detection plays a critical role in improving patient outcomes, highlighting the need for non-invasive and accessible screening methods. Salivary biomarkers have emerged as a promising avenue for oral cancer detection, leveraging advancements in human DNA and RNA analysis. Several DNA-based biomarkers, such as genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations, and epigenetic alterations, have shown promise in detecting oral cancer at various stages. Likewise, RNA-based biomarkers, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and messenger RNAs, have demonstrated potential for diagnosing oral cancer and predicting treatment outcomes. The integration of high-throughput sequencing technologies, such as next-generation sequencing and transcriptomic profiling, has enabled the identification of novel biomarkers and provided deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying oral cancer development and progression. Despite the promising results, challenges remain in standardizing sample collection, establishing robust biomarker panels, and validating their clinical utility. Nevertheless, salivary biomarkers hold great promise as a non-invasive, cost-effective, and accessible approach for oral cancer detection, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes through early diagnosis and intervention. The analysis of genetic material obtained from saliva offers several advantages, including ease of collection, non-invasiveness, and the potential for repeated sampling. Furthermore, saliva reflects the physiological and pathological status of the oral cavity, making it an ideal source for biomarker discovery and validation. This article presents a comprehensive review of the current research on salivary biomarkers for oral cancer detection, focusing on insights gained from human DNA and RNA analysis.