(-)-myrtenol和(-)-α-蒎烯:柏树皮甲虫的聚集信息素成分

IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY
Gábor Bozsik, Béla Péter Molnár, Kristóf Hegedüs, Tibor Soós, Stefan Schulz, Armin Tröger, Wittko Francke, Gábor Szőcs
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引用次数: 0

摘要

柏树皮甲虫(Phloeosinus aubei)在欧洲鳞叶针叶树市场上越来越受到关注。迄今为止,对其繁殖行为和化学生态学都没有进行过详细研究,也没有专门的引诱剂诱捕器来监测成虫的飞行。我们发现,雄鸟的鸣叫对雌鸟接受引诱至关重要。为了揭示这种化学交流,我们利用雄性触角对未交配雌性的后肠提取物进行了 GC-EAD 分析。用 GC/MS 分析了肠道提取物和西番莲叶提取物。通过对映体选择性气相色谱/质谱法(enantioselective GC/MS),从肠道提取物中鉴定出两种具有触角活性的化合物,分别是(-)-myrtenol和(-)-α-蒎烯。(-)-Myrtenol被证明是雌性特有的,而(-)-α-蒎烯则以2:1的混合物形式存在,其(+)-对映体也存在于寄主植物西番莲的挥发物中。为了证明甲虫体内上述化合物的产生与繁殖有关,我们用 JHIII 处理了雌虫。与未处理的对照组相比,这些性成熟雌虫的肠道提取物中的(-)-α-蒎烯含量较高。我们用电触觉分析法分别测试了myrtenol和α-蒎烯的合成对映体,结果发现它们都具有电生理活性。通过四臂嗅觉测试比较了这些化合物的不同混合物的吸引力:外消旋α-蒎烯与(-)-或(+)-甜菜酚的 4:1 混合物分别对雄性和雌性具有明显的吸引力。在田间试验中,使用(-)-α-蒎烯和(-)-甜菜酚的 5:1 混合物作为诱饵的多隧道诱捕器捕获的雄性和雌性数量明显多于未使用诱饵的对照诱捕器。我们的结论是,(-)-α-蒎烯和(-)-myrtenol 是雌性产生的聚集信息素的成分。EAD 活性和行为分析表明,甲虫将 Thuja 中的α-蒎烯用作寄主植物信息素的一部分。本文从化学生态学的角度讨论了 P. aubei 复杂的通讯系统。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

(−)-myrtenol and (−)-α-pinene: Aggregation pheromone components of the cypress bark beetle Phloeosinus aubei

(−)-myrtenol and (−)-α-pinene: Aggregation pheromone components of the cypress bark beetle Phloeosinus aubei

The cypress bark beetle, Phloeosinus aubei, is of increasing concern in the European market of scale-leafed conifers. Neither the reproductive behaviour nor the chemical ecology have been studied in detail so far, and no specific attractant traps are available to monitor the flight of adults. We established that stridulation by males is crucial for acceptance by calling females. To unravel the chemical communication, hindgut extracts from unmated females were analysed by GC-EAD, using male antennae. Gut extracts and Thuja occidentalis leaf extracts were analysed by GC/MS. Two antennally active compounds from gut extracts were identified as (−)-myrtenol and (−)-α-pinene by enantioselective GC/MS. (−)-Myrtenol was shown to be female-specific, while (−)-α-pinene was found as a 2:1 mixture with the (+)-enantiomer also among the volatiles of the host tree, T. occidentalis. To prove that the production of the above compounds in the beetles is related to reproduction, we treated females with JHIII. The gut extracts from these sexually mature females showed elevated levels of (−)-α-pinene compared to untreated control groups. Synthetic enantiomers of myrtenol and α-pinene were tested separately by electroantennography, and all were found to be electrophysiologically active. The attractiveness of different mixtures of these compounds was compared using 4-arm olfactometer tests: 4:1 mixtures of racemic α-pinene with either (−)- or (+)-myrtenol were significantly attractive to males and females, respectively. In field tests, multifunnel traps baited with a 5:1 mixture of (−)-α-pinene and (−)-myrtenol caught significantly more males and females than unbaited control traps. We concluded that (−)-α-pinene and (−)-myrtenol are components of a female-produced aggregation pheromone. EAD activity and behaviour assays indicated that α-pinene from Thuja is used by the beetles as part of a host plant kairomone. The complex communication system of P. aubei is discussed in a chemoecological context.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
5.30%
发文量
132
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Applied Entomology publishes original articles on current research in applied entomology, including mites and spiders in terrestrial ecosystems. Submit your next manuscript for rapid publication: the average time is currently 6 months from submission to publication. With Journal of Applied Entomology''s dynamic article-by-article publication process, Early View, fully peer-reviewed and type-set articles are published online as soon as they complete, without waiting for full issue compilation.
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