Topology optimization of bridges under random traffic loading using stochastic reduced-order models

This paper presents a framework for robust topology optimization of bridges under random traffic loading. Traffic loading is simulated using a stream of random moving loads parameterized by their masses, speeds, directions, and arrival times. The stochastic reduced-order model approach is combined with the equivalent static load method to achieve uncertainty-informed dynamic response topology optimization. The stochastic reduced-order model approach propagates uncertainty and reduces problem dimension, whereas the equivalent static load method is employed for dynamic response topology optimization. The effectiveness of the proposed optimization framework is demonstrated using several numerical examples. The proposed framework is found to be effective in optimizing structures under traffic loading, making it a promising solution for the topological design of bridges.